Nokea
A client who has recently developed fever, confusion, and a decreased level of consciousness is being admitted by a nurse. What should the nurse do first after obtaining the client's history and assessment?
- A. Administer prescribed antibiotics
- B. Initiate seizure precautions
- C. Identify the client's needs
- D. Place the client in isolation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to identify the client's needs first. This allows the nurse to prioritize interventions based on the assessment findings. Administering prescribed antibiotics (choice A) should be based on a medical prescription and the identified infection. Initiating seizure precautions (choice B) is important but not the immediate priority in this case. Placing the client in isolation (choice D) is premature as the nurse needs to first assess and address the client's condition.
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A nurse is preparing to administer a medication through a nasogastric (NG) tube. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Flush the NG tube with 60 mL of water
- B. Verify tube placement
- C. Crush the medications and dissolve them in water
- D. Administer all medications together
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Verifying tube placement is the priority before administering any medications through a nasogastric tube. This step ensures that the tube is correctly positioned in the stomach to prevent complications such as aspiration. Flushing the tube with water, crushing medications, or administering them together should only be done after confirming the correct placement of the NG tube. Therefore, option B is the correct first action to take in this scenario.
A client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery is at risk for constipation due to which behavior?
- A. Increased fiber intake
- B. Decreased fluid intake
- C. Frequent urge suppression
- D. Increased physical activity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Postoperative clients are at risk for constipation due to various factors, including decreased fluid intake. Insufficient fluid consumption can lead to hardening of stools, making them difficult to pass. Increased fiber intake (choice A) is actually beneficial for preventing constipation as it adds bulk to the stool. Frequent urge suppression (choice C) can contribute to constipation by disrupting normal bowel habits. Increased physical activity (choice D) generally helps promote bowel movements and reduce the risk of constipation.
A healthcare professional is reviewing a client's medical history and identifies an increased risk for infections. What risk factor should the healthcare professional include?
- A. Frequent handwashing
- B. Increased mobility
- C. High blood pressure
- D. Chronic conditions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chronic conditions. Chronic conditions, such as diabetes or immune suppression, can compromise the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. Frequent handwashing (Choice A) is actually a protective measure against infections. Increased mobility (Choice B) and high blood pressure (Choice C) are not directly associated with an increased risk for infections.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports a decrease in the effectiveness of their pain medication. What factor should the nurse identify as contributing to this decrease?
- A. History of frequent alcohol use
- B. Decreased physical activity
- C. Bowel inflammation
- D. History of opioid use
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bowel inflammation. Bowel inflammation can interfere with the absorption of medications, including pain medication, leading to decreased effectiveness. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because although they can impact pain management in various ways, they are not directly related to the decreased effectiveness of pain medication due to absorption issues.
A nurse is preparing to perform a routine abdominal assessment for a client. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Palpate the abdomen before auscultation
- B. Inspect the abdomen after palpation
- C. Auscultate before palpation
- D. Start by percussing the abdomen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is to auscultate before palpation when performing an abdominal assessment. This sequence is crucial to prevent altering bowel sounds. Starting with palpation (Choice A) can lead to false interpretations of bowel sounds due to stimulation of the intestines. Inspecting the abdomen after palpation (Choice B) can also potentially alter the assessment findings. Starting with percussion (Choice D) is not recommended as it should come after auscultation to further assess underlying structures.