Nokea
A client who suffers from frequent panic attacks describes the attack as feeling disconnected from himself. The nurse notes in the client's chart that the client reports experiencing.
- A. hallucinations.
- B. depersonalization.
- C. derealization.
- D. denial.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Feeling disconnected from oneself during a panic attack is depersonalization, a common symptom of panic.
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A client says to the nurse, 'I just can't talk in front of the group. I feel like I'm going to pass out.' The nurse assesses the client's anxiety to be at which level?
- A. Mild
- B. Moderate
- C. Severe
- D. Panic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Symptoms like feeling like passing out indicate severe anxiety, characterized by intense physiologic responses.
Which techniques would be most effective for a client who has situational phobias? Select all that apply.
- A. Flooding
- B. Reminding the person to calm down
- C. Systematic desensitization
- D. Assertiveness training
- E. Decatastrophizing
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Flooding and systematic desensitization are behavioral therapies effective for phobias, unlike assertiveness training or decatastrophizing, which address general anxiety.
Which of the following statements about the use of defense mechanisms in persons with anxiety disorders are accurate? Select all that apply.
- A. Defense mechanisms are a human's attempt to reduce anxiety.
- B. Persons are usually aware when they are using defense mechanisms.
- C. Defense mechanisms can be harmful when overused.
- D. Defense mechanisms are cognitive distortions.
- E. The use of defense mechanisms should be avoided.
- F. Defense mechanisms can control the awareness of anxiety.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Defense mechanisms are unconscious cognitive distortions used to reduce anxiety, but overuse can hinder emotional growth and problem-solving.
A client asks how his prescribed alprazolam (Xanax) helps his anxiety disorder. The nurse explains that antianxiety medications such as alprazolam affect the function of which neurotransmitter that is believed to be dysfunctional in anxiety disorders?
- A. Serotonin
- B. Norepinephrine
- C. GABA
- D. Dopamine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alprazolam enhances GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces anxiety by calming neural activity.
Which of the following are interpersonal theories regarding the etiologies of major anxiety disorders? Select all that apply.
- A. Sigmund Freud's theory
- B. Henry Stack Sullivan's theory
- C. Hildegard Peplau's theory
- D. Pavlov's theory
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Sullivan's and Peplau's theories focus on interpersonal relationships as sources of anxiety, unlike Freud's intrapsychic or Pavlov's behavioral theories.