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A client with a history of asthma is prescribed a metered-dose inhaler with albuterol. The nurse should teach the client to:
- A. Use the inhaler daily to prevent asthma attacks.
- B. Shake the inhaler well before each use.
- C. Hold the breath for 2 seconds after inhaling.
- D. Clean the inhaler with soap and water daily.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shaking the inhaler well before use ensures proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery.
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The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who reports a pain level of 8 out of 10. The client has an order for morphine 4 mg IV every 4 hours as needed. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer the morphine as ordered.
- B. Assess the client's vital signs and pain characteristics.
- C. Apply a warm compress to the surgical site.
- D. Encourage the client to use distraction techniques.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing vital signs and pain characteristics ensures the pain is accurately evaluated and the morphine is safe to administer, considering potential side effects like respiratory depression.
A client with a history of Parkinson's disease is prescribed levodopa/carbidopa (Sinemet). Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Take it with high-protein meals
- B. Avoid driving if drowsy
- C. Take it at bedtime only
- D. Crush the tablet for faster absorption
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levodopa/carbidopa can cause drowsiness, so clients should avoid driving if affected to ensure safety.
A male client has been diagnosed as having a low sperm count during infertility studies. After instructions by the nurse about some causes of low sperm counts, the nurse determines that the client needs further instructions when he says low sperm counts may be caused by which of the following?
- A. Varicocele.
- B. Frequent use of saunas.
- C. Endocrine imbalances.
- D. Decreased body temperature.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decreased body temperature is not a cause of low sperm count; elevated temperatures, such as from saunas, can impair spermatogenesis, indicating a need for further teaching.
A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the pre-procedure teaching?
- A. Avoid solid foods for 24 hours before the procedure.
- B. Take all regular medications the morning of the procedure.
- C. Expect to be sedated during the procedure.
- D. Plan to stay overnight in the hospital.
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: Clear liquid diet for 24 hours prevents residue, and sedation is common during colonoscopy. Regular medications may need adjustment, and overnight stays are not typical.
A tour bus has overturned on an exit ramp. Many passengers are injured, but there are no fatalities. While the emergency department nurse prepares for treating the injured, the nurse also calls the crisis nurse based on the understanding about which of the following?
- A. The accident victims will be experiencing grief and mourning.
- B. Many of the passengers may be experiencing feelings of victimization.
- C. There is a need for someone to coordinate calls from relatives about the passengers.
- D. Some of the passengers will need psychiatric hospitalization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A crisis nurse can address feelings of victimization, a common psychological response to traumatic accidents, providing emotional support.