Nokea
A client with a history of tuberculosis is prescribed isoniazid (INH). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Hepatotoxicity.
- B. Hypoglycemia.
- C. Hypertension.
- D. Weight loss.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isoniazid can cause hepatotoxicity, requiring regular liver function monitoring.
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A client with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed theophylline. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Tachycardia.
- B. Hypoglycemia.
- C. Bradycardia.
- D. Weight loss.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Theophylline can cause tachycardia due to its stimulant effects.
The nurse is caring for a client with a fracture of a long bone. Which of the following assessments would be the earliest symptom of a fat embolism?
- A. Respiratory distress.
- B. Confusion.
- C. Petechiae.
- D. Fever.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory distress is the earliest symptom of fat embolism syndrome, as emboli obstruct pulmonary circulation, leading to hypoxia.
A client with a history of liver failure is prescribed lactulose (Cephulac). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following therapeutic effects?
- A. Decreased ammonia levels.
- B. Increased blood glucose.
- C. Decreased blood pressure.
- D. Increased platelet count.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lactulose reduces ammonia levels by promoting its excretion in hepatic encephalopathy.
When obtaining the nursing history of a client who has diabetes mellitus, the nurse should assess the client for which of the following early symptom of renal insufficiency?
- A. Polyuria
- B. Oliguria
- C. Anuria
- D. Dysuria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Polyuria is an early symptom of renal insufficiency in diabetes due to impaired kidney function affecting urine concentration. Oliguria, anuria, and dysuria are later or less specific.
Which of the following theories of pain are you utilizing when you recognize the fact that some of the factors that open this 'gate' to pain are low endorphins and anxiety and that some of the factors that close this 'gate' to pain are decreased anxiety and fear?
- A. Moritz Schiff's theory of pain
- B. The Intensive Theory of Pain
- C. Melzack and Wall's theory of pain
- D. The Specificity Theory of Pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Melzack and Wall's Gate Control Theory posits that pain perception is modulated by factors like anxiety (opening the gate) and reduced anxiety or endorphins (closing the gate).