LPN Nursing Fundamentals

LPN Nursing Fundamentals Related

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A client with a new diagnosis of celiac disease is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements should be included by the healthcare provider?

  • A. You should avoid foods that contain gluten.
  • B. You should increase your intake of dairy products.
  • C. You should avoid foods that contain lactose.
  • D. You should increase your intake of high-fiber foods.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'You should avoid foods that contain gluten.' Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, which can trigger an immune response in individuals with celiac disease. Avoiding gluten-containing foods is crucial to managing the condition and preventing symptoms and complications associated with celiac disease. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing dairy intake (Choice B) is not necessary for celiac disease management. Avoiding lactose (Choice C) is relevant for individuals with lactose intolerance, not celiac disease. While high-fiber foods (Choice D) are generally beneficial for health, they are not specifically indicated for celiac disease management.

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Which intervention should the nurse implement to maintain adequate hydration in an immobile patient?

  • A. Offering fluids at room temperature
  • B. Limiting fluid intake to prevent incontinence
  • C. Providing a straw for easier drinking
  • D. Administering intravenous fluids continuously
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Offering room-temperature fluids maintains hydration in immobile patients by encouraging intake comfortably, supporting circulation and organ function. Limiting fluids risks dehydration, straws help but aren't universal, and IV fluids aren't routine. Nurses promote this to ensure fluid balance, adapting to patient preferences, a simple yet effective hydration strategy in restricted mobility cases.

Mr. Gary is worried about his safety after a robbery. This is an example of which Maslow's need?

  • A. Physiological
  • B. Safety
  • C. Belongingness
  • D. Self-actualization
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Worrying about safety post-robbery is Safety (B) Maslow's second level, security needs. Physiological (A) is basic survival, belongingness (C) social, self-actualization (D) fulfillment not safety-focused. B fits protection concern, making it correct.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about profession according to Marie Jahoda?

  • A. A profession is an organization of an occupational group based on the application of special knowledge
  • B. It serves specific interest of a group
  • C. It is altruistic
  • D. Quality of work is of greater importance than the rewards
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Marie Jahoda, a 20th-century psychologist, defined a profession as an organized group applying specialized knowledge for the broader community's benefit, not just a specific subset. She emphasized altruism (serving others selflessly) and prioritizing work quality over rewards, traits nursing exemplifies through education and care standards. The idea that a profession serves only a specific group's interests contradicts her view professions like nursing aim for universal welfare, such as public health initiatives. This distinction often appears in licensure exams, highlighting nursing's societal role over narrow advocacy, aligning with its ethical and professional identity.

A client is admitted with posttraumatic brain injury and multiple fractures. The client's eyes remain closed, and there is no evidence of verbalization or movement when the nurse changes the client's position. What score on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) should the nurse document?

  • A. 3
  • B. 6
  • C. 9
  • D. 12
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: GCS assesses eye opening (1-4), verbal (1-5), and motor (1-6). No response (eyes closed, no verbalization, no movement) scores 1+1+1=3 (A). Higher scores (B, C, D) require responses. A is correct. Rationale: A score of 3 is the lowest GCS, indicating deep coma, critical for documenting severe brain injury and guiding urgent care, per trauma assessment standards.

Which of the following is responsible for the rhythm and quality of breathing?

  • A. Medulla oblongata
  • B. Pons
  • C. Carotid bodies
  • D. Aortic bodies
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The medulla's respiratory center sets rhythm and depth e.g., 12-20 breaths/min via dorsal/ventral groups. Pons refines, carotid/aortic adjust via chemo input. Nurses assess this e.g., COPD for function, per neurophysiology.

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