Nokea
A client with Addison's disease is receiving corticosteroid therapy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following potential side effects?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hyponatremia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Hyperglycemia. Corticosteroid therapy can lead to hyperglycemia by increasing blood glucose levels. Corticosteroids can induce insulin resistance, decrease glucose uptake by tissues, and promote gluconeogenesis. While corticosteroid therapy can cause hypoglycemia in some cases, it is more commonly associated with hyperglycemia. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is more commonly associated with conditions like renal failure or certain medications. Hyponatremia (choice D) is typically not a common side effect of corticosteroid therapy unless there are other contributing factors present.
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A client with diabetes mellitus is receiving an oral antidiabetic medication. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Hypoglycemia
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypoglycemia. When a client with diabetes mellitus is taking oral antidiabetic medication, the nurse should closely monitor for hypoglycemia, which is a common adverse effect. Hypoglycemia occurs when the blood sugar levels drop below normal range, leading to symptoms like confusion, shakiness, and sweating. Weight gain (Choice A) is not a typical adverse effect of oral antidiabetic medications. Hyperglycemia (Choice C) is the opposite of the desired effect of antidiabetic medications, which aim to lower blood sugar levels. Bradycardia (Choice D) is not directly associated with oral antidiabetic medications; it refers to a slow heart rate.
What is the approximate duration of action for intermediate-acting insulins like NPH?
- A. 6-8 hours.
- B. 10-14 hours.
- C. 16-20 hours.
- D. 24-28 hours.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: '16-20 hours.' Intermediate-acting insulins like NPH typically have a duration of action of approximately 16-20 hours. This prolonged action makes them effective in managing blood glucose levels over an extended period. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the typical duration of action for intermediate-acting insulins. Choice A (6-8 hours) is too short, choice B (10-14 hours) is also shorter than the typical duration, and choice D (24-28 hours) is too long for intermediate-acting insulins like NPH.
The client has received IV solutions for three (3) days through a 20-gauge IV catheter placed in the left cephalic vein. On morning rounds, the nurse notes the IV site is tender to palpation and a red streak has formed. Which action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Start a new IV in the right hand.
- B. Discontinue the intravenous line.
- C. Complete an incident record.
- D. Place a warm washcloth over the site.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The first action should be to discontinue the intravenous line to prevent further complications such as infection or thrombophlebitis. Starting a new IV in the right hand is not the priority as addressing the current issue is important. Completing an incident record can be done after addressing the immediate concern of the IV site. Placing a warm washcloth over the site does not address the red streak and tenderness, which may indicate an infection that requires discontinuation of the IV line.
When caring for a female client with a history of hypoglycemia, Nurse Ruby should avoid administering a drug that may potentiate hypoglycemia. Which drug fits this description?
- A. Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin)
- B. Mexiletine (Mexitil)
- C. Prednisone (Orasone)
- D. Lithium carbonate (Lithobid)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin). Sulfisoxazole is known to potentiate hypoglycemia, making it unsafe for clients with a history of hypoglycemia. Choice B, Mexiletine, is a medication used to treat certain heart rhythm problems and is not associated with hypoglycemia. Choice C, Prednisone, is a corticosteroid and does not potentiate hypoglycemia. Choice D, Lithium carbonate, is commonly used to treat bipolar disorder and does not typically potentiate hypoglycemia. Therefore, the drug that Nurse Ruby should avoid in this case is Sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) to prevent worsening the client's hypoglycemic condition.
A new nurse is working on becoming a better follower. Which of the following recommendations should she implement?
- A. When you disagree with the manager, seek to determine the manager's rationale.
- B. Share what you have learned only with newer nurses.
- C. Listen and reflect on your manager's feedback.
- D. Seek to find a balance and manage your time and energy as you seek to learn about your specialty.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Listening and reflecting on the manager's feedback is crucial for a new nurse aiming to become a better follower. It allows the nurse to understand expectations, identify areas for improvement, and show respect for the manager's guidance. Choice A is incorrect as it focuses on resolving disagreements rather than improving followership skills. Choice B is incorrect as knowledge sharing should not be limited to specific groups. Choice D is incorrect as it addresses time management and learning about the specialty, which are important but not directly related to followership development.