Nokea
A client with Graves' disease is treated with radioactive iodine (RAI) in the form of sodium iodide 131I. Which of the following statements by the nurse will explain to the client how the drug works?
- A. The radioactive iodine stabilizes the thyroid hormone levels before a thyroidectomy.'
- B. The radioactive iodine reduces uptake of thyroxine and thereby improves your condition.'
- C. The radioactive iodine slows your body's production of thyroid hormones.'
- D. The radioactive iodine destroys thyroid tissue and thyroid hormones are no longer produced.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Radioactive iodine (RAI) works by destroying thyroid tissue, which reduces or eliminates the production of thyroid hormones, treating hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease.
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A suspected outbreak of anthrax has been transmitted by skin exposure. A client is admitted to the emergency department with lesions on the hands. The physician prescribes antibiotics and sends the client home. What should the nurse instruct the client to do? Select all that apply.
- A. Take the prescribed antibiotics for 60 days.
- B. Avoid contact with other members of the family during the treatment period.
- C. Wear a mask for 60 days.
- D. Expect the skin lesions to clear up within 1 to 2 weeks.
- E. Wash hands frequently.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Cutaneous anthrax requires antibiotics for 60 days, frequent hand washing to prevent spread, and lesions typically resolve in 1-2 weeks with treatment. Masks and family isolation are unnecessary for cutaneous anthrax.
A nurse is providing education in a community setting about general measures to avoid excessive sun exposure. Which of the following recommendations is appropriate?
- A. Apply sunscreen only after going into the water.
- B. Avoid peak exposure hours from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m.
- C. Wear loosely woven clothing for added ventilation.
- D. Apply sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or more before sun exposure.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Applying sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher before sun exposure is a key measure to prevent UV damage. Sunscreen should be applied before water exposure, peak hours are 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., and tightly woven clothing is better for protection.
A client with osteoarthritis will undergo an arthrocentesis on his painful edematous knee. What should be included in the nursing plan of care? Select all that apply.
- A. Explain the procedure.
- B. Administer preoperative medication 1 hour before surgery.
- C. Instruct the client to immobilize the knee for 2 days after the surgery.
- D. Assess the site for bleeding.
- E. Offer pain medication.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Explaining the procedure You are missing 30 questions, assessing for bleeding, and offering pain medication are key. Arthrocentesis is a minor procedure, not surgery, and immobilization for 2 days is not typically required.
The nurse is teaching the client about home blood glucose monitoring. Which of the following blood glucose measurements indicates hypoglycemia?
- A. 59 mg/dL.
- B. 75 mg/dL.
- C. 108 mg/dL.
- D. 119 mg/dL.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A blood glucose level of 59 mg/dL is below the normal range (<70 mg/dL) and indicates hypoglycemia, requiring immediate intervention.
Blood pressure in the systemic circulation is highest in the:
- A. Arterioles
- B. Capillaries
- C. Aorta
- D. Venules
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood pressure is highest in the aorta, where blood is ejected directly from the left ventricle during systole, generating peak pressure (systolic pressure). As blood flows through arterioles, capillaries, and venules, pressure progressively decreases due to resistance and vessel compliance. This makes the aorta the correct answer.