Nokea
A client with human immunodeficiency syndrome has gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea. The nurse should teach the client to avoid:
- A. Calcium-rich foods
- B. Canned or frozen vegetables
- C. Processed meat
- D. Raw fruits and vegetables
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Raw fruits and vegetables can harbor pathogens, worsening diarrhea in AIDS due to immune compromise. Calcium foods, canned vegetables, and processed meats are safer.
You may also like to solve these questions
The client with hyperemesis gravidarum is at risk for developing:
- A. Respiratory alkalosis without dehydration
- B. Metabolic acidosis with dehydration
- C. Respiratory acidosis without dehydration
- D. Metabolic alkalosis with dehydration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperemesis gravidarum causes prolonged vomiting leading to dehydration and loss of stomach acid resulting in metabolic acidosis. The dehydration exacerbates the acid-base imbalance.
The nurse observes that a client has difficulty chewing and swallowing her food. A nursing response designed to reduce this problem would include:
- A. Ordering a full liquid diet for her
- B. Ordering five small meals for her
- C. Ordering a mechanical soft diet for her
- D. Ordering a puréed diet for her
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A mechanical soft diet is easier to chew and swallow due to its consistent texture, making it appropriate before trying a puréed diet.
During a unit card game, a client with acute mania begins to sing loudly as she starts to undress. The nurse should:
- A. Ignore the client's behavior.
- B. Exchange the cards for a checker board.
- C. Send the other clients to their rooms.
- D. Cover the client and walk her to her room.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Covering the client and escorting her to a private area maintains dignity and safety, de-escalating the situation caused by manic behavior.
A client in labor admits to using alcohol throughout the pregnancy. The most recent use was the day before. Based on the client's history, the nurse should give priority to assessing the newborn for:
- A. Respiratory depression
- B. Wide-set eyes
- C. Jitteriness
- D. Low-set ears
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fetal alcohol exposure, especially recent use, can cause neonatal withdrawal symptoms like jitteriness. Respiratory depression is less common, and physical anomalies like wide-set eyes or low-set ears are associated with chronic exposure.
A female client has just died. Her family is requesting that all nursing staff leave the room. The family's religious leader has arrived and is ready to conduct a ceremony for the deceased in the room, requesting that only family members be present. The nurse assigned to the client should perform the appropriate nursing action, which might include:
- A. Inform the family that it is the hospital's policy not to conduct religious ceremonies in client rooms.
- B. Refuse to leave the room because the client's body is entrusted in the nurse's care until it can be brought to the morgue.
- C. Tell the family that they may conduct their ceremony in the client's room; however, the nurse must attend.
- D. Respect the client's family's wishes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is rare that a hospital has a specific policy addressing this particular issue. If the statement is true, the nurse should show evidence of the policy to the family and suggest alternatives, such as the hospital chapel. Refusal to leave the room demonstrates a lack of understanding related to the family's need to grieve in their own manner. The nurse should leave the room and allow the family privacy in their grief. The family's wish to conduct a religious ceremony in the client's room is part of the grief process. The request is based on specific cultural and religious differences dictating social customs.