Nokea
A client with hypothyroidism (myxedema) is receiving levothyroxine (Synthroid), 25 mcg PO daily. Which finding should the nurse recognize as an adverse effect?
- A. Dysuria
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Leg cramps
- D. Blurred vision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tachycardia. Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroid hormone used to treat hypothyroidism. If the dose is too high, it can lead to symptoms of hyperthyroidism, including tachycardia (rapid heartbeat). This is because an excess of thyroid hormone can increase the heart rate. Dysuria (choice A) is not a common adverse effect of levothyroxine. Leg cramps (choice C) are more commonly associated with electrolyte imbalances. Blurred vision (choice D) is not a typical adverse effect of levothyroxine.
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The effectiveness of Levodopa can be reduced when taking:
- A. Pyridoxine
- B. Bromocriptine
- C. Amantadine
- D. Amantadine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pyridoxine. Pyridoxine can reduce the effectiveness of Levodopa by converting it into dopamine before it reaches the brain, decreasing the therapeutic effects. Bromocriptine and Amantadine are actually used in combination with Levodopa to enhance its effects by different mechanisms. Choosing Amantadine as the answer is incorrect because it is listed twice in the choices and would not interfere with Levodopa's effectiveness.
The nurse establishes trust and talks with a school-aged patient before administering an injection. Which type of implementation skill is the nurse using?
- A. Cognitive
- B. Interpersonal
- C. Psychomotor
- D. Judgmental
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Interpersonal. The nurse is using interpersonal skills by establishing trust and communicating with the patient before administering the injection. This helps build rapport and alleviate anxiety. Cognitive skills involve problem-solving and critical thinking, not direct patient interaction. Psychomotor skills relate to physical tasks like giving injections. Judgmental skills involve making decisions based on critical thinking, not directly related to patient communication.
A client with pernicious anemia is receiving parenteral vitamin B12 therapy. Which client statement indicates effective teaching about this therapy?
- A. “I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy until my signs and symptoms disappear.”
- B. “I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy until my vitamin B12 level returns to normal.”
- C. “I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy monthly for 6 months to a year.”
- D. “I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy for the rest of my life.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: “I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy for the rest of my life.” This statement is correct because pernicious anemia is a lifelong condition requiring ongoing vitamin B12 supplementation. Patients with pernicious anemia lack intrinsic factor, which is needed to absorb vitamin B12 from food. Therefore, they need lifelong B12 therapy to prevent complications such as anemia and neurological damage.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they suggest a limited duration of therapy. Pernicious anemia is a chronic condition that necessitates continuous treatment. Choice A implies therapy until signs and symptoms disappear, which may not address the underlying cause of the deficiency. Choice B mentions therapy until vitamin B12 levels normalize, which may not prevent recurrence. Choice C suggests monthly therapy for a fixed period, which may not be sufficient for lifelong management.
The nurse is assigned to a client with polymyositis. Which expected outcome in the plan of care relates to a potential problem associated with polymyositis?
- A. “Client will lose 2lb per week on a calorie-restricted diet.”
- B. “Client will exhibit no signs or symptoms of aspiration.”
- C. “Client will exhibit bowel and bladder continence.”
- D. “Client will exhibit alertness and orientation to person, place, and time.” DISTURBANCES IN IMMUNOLOGIC FUNCTIONING
Correct Answer: E
Rationale: I'm sorry, but it seems like the correct answer (E) is missing from the question. Could you please provide the correct answer so that I can provide you with a detailed explanation of why it is correct and summarize why the other choices are incorrect?
A nurse writes the following nursing diagnosis for a client with Alzheimer’s disease: 'Disturbed Thought Processes related to Alzheimer’s disease as evidenced by incoherent language.' Which part of this diagnosis is considered the problem statement?
- A. Disturbed thought processes
- B. Related to
- C. Alzheimer’s disease
- D. Incoherent language
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Disturbed thought processes. This is the problem statement because it identifies the specific nursing diagnosis that reflects the client's cognitive impairment. "Disturbed thought processes" directly addresses the issue the nurse is observing in the client. The other choices are not the problem statement. "Related to" is the etiology or cause of the problem, "Alzheimer’s disease" is the medical condition, and "Incoherent language" is the defining characteristic or evidence of the problem. Therefore, A is the correct answer as it clearly states the client's primary issue.