Nokea
A client with moderate Alzheimer disease is started on memantine. What should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of this medication?
- A. Improved ability to perform activities of daily living
- B. Indications that disease progression has stopped
- C. Rapid improvement in cognitive functioning
- D. Reversal of Alzheimer disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Memantine may slow decline and improve daily functioning (A). It does not stop progression (B), provide rapid improvement (C), or reverse Alzheimer's (D).
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A nurse is collecting data on a 58-year-old client with blurred vision and reduced visual fields. The nurse finds which manifestation most concerning?
- A. Difficulty adjusting to dimmed lights
- B. Extreme eye pain
- C. Gradual loss of peripheral vision
- D. Opaque appearance of lens
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Extreme eye pain (B) suggests acute conditions like glaucoma, requiring urgent attention. Difficulty in dim light (A), peripheral vision loss (C), and cataracts (D) are less acute.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching to the parents of a hospitalized 3-month-old about separation anxiety. The nurse notices that the parents still seem concerned about leaving the infant while they work. Which statement by one of the parents indicates that the teaching has been effective?
- A. At this age, my baby will not cry because we are leaving.
- B. I know my baby will feel abandoned when we leave.
- C. My baby is too young to sense my anxiety about leaving.
- D. My baby understands that we will return later in the day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infants at 3 months (C) do not yet exhibit separation anxiety and cannot sense parental anxiety. Crying (A), feeling abandoned (B), and understanding return (D) occur later in development.
The nurse is caring for a newly admitted man who has kidney stones. The man asks if he can get up and take a walk. How should the nurse respond?
- A. It is better for you to remain in bed until the stones pass.'
- B. Stay in bed until I check with your physician.'
- C. Walking is good for you. Let me help you up.'
- D. It is safe for you to ambulate once a day.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Walking may facilitate kidney stone passage and is generally safe unless contraindicated, with assistance ensuring safety.
The nurse cares for a client diagnosed with Addison disease. Which clinical finding would the nurse anticipate?
- A. Acanthosis nigricans
- B. Hirsutism
- C. Truncal obesity
- D. Weight loss
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Addison disease causes weight loss (D) due to cortisol deficiency. Acanthosis nigricans (A), hirsutism (B), and truncal obesity (C) are associated with other endocrine disorders.
The home health nurse has reviewed the most recent laboratory test results for a client with chronic kidney disease. Which of the following would be an appropriate afternoon snack to recommend for the client?
- A. Carrot slices and milk
- B. Chips and avocado dip
- C. Oatmeal with apple slices
- D. Vanilla pudding with strawberries
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CKD patients need low-potassium, low-phosphorus snacks. Oatmeal with apples (C) is suitable. Milk (A) is high in phosphorus, and chips (B) are high in sodium. Pudding (D) may have additives.