ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam

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A client with Parkinson's disease is prescribed carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). What should the nurse include in the teaching about this medication?

  • A. Take the medication without a high-protein meal.
  • B. Expect the medication to take several weeks to reach full effectiveness.
  • C. The medication may cause urine to turn light.
  • D. You may experience a rapid heartbeat as a common side effect.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Expect the medication to take several weeks to reach full effectiveness. This is because carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet) is a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease by increasing dopamine levels in the brain. It takes time for the medication to build up in the system and reach its full therapeutic effect.

Choice A is incorrect because it is recommended to take carbidopa-levodopa with a high-protein meal to help reduce potential gastrointestinal side effects. Choice C is incorrect as the medication does not typically cause urine discoloration. Choice D is incorrect as a rapid heartbeat is not a common side effect of carbidopa-levodopa.

In summary, choice B is correct because it aligns with the pharmacokinetics of the medication, while the other choices are not consistent with the usual effects and recommendations for carbidopa-levodopa.

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The dying patient and family have many interrelated psychosocial and physical care needs. Which ones can the nurse begin to manage with the patient and family (select all that apply)?

  • A. Anxiety
  • B. Fear of pain
  • C. The dying process
  • D. Anger toward the nurse.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The nurse can address anxiety, fear of pain, and the dying process through education, medication, and emotional support, while anger toward the nurse might require conflict resolution strategies.

Match the phases of the nursing process with the descriptions (phases may be used more than once).

  • A. None
  • B. Analysis of data
  • C. Priority setting
  • D. Nursing interventions
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Analysis of data corresponds to the Diagnosis phase, where health problems are identified based on assessed data.

At what point should a 24-year-old client without a family history of eye disease have an eye exam?

  • A. Annually after the age of 30
  • B. Initially, a thorough exam at the age of 40
  • C. Initially, a thorough exam at the age of 50
  • D. Annually after the age of 50
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: For individuals without risk factors, a baseline eye exam is recommended at age 40 to detect early signs of age-related conditions.

During a call to the on-call physician about a client who had a hysterectomy 2 days ago & has unrelieved pain from prescribed narcotic medication, which statement is part of the SBAR format for communication?

  • A. I suggest ordering a different pain medication.
  • B. This client has allergies to morphine & codeine.
  • C. Dr. Smith does not prefer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory meds.
  • D. The client had a vaginal hysterectomy 2 days ago.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides relevant information regarding the client's allergies to morphine and codeine, which is crucial for the physician to know when considering alternative pain medication options. This aligns with the "Background" component of the SBAR format, which includes pertinent patient history.

Choice A is incorrect because it jumps to a solution without providing necessary background information. Choice C is irrelevant to the current situation as it does not address the client's pain management issue. Choice D is also incorrect as it only provides historical information about the type of hysterectomy performed, which is not directly related to the client's current pain management concern.

What is one reason that might apply to a client’s rationale for using alternative therapy?

  • A. Desire to become more active in decision-making and self-care.
  • B. Chronic incurable back condition.
  • C. Difficulty meeting the rising costs of healthcare.
  • D. Client does not share traditional American health beliefs and practices.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Clients often seek alternative therapies to take a more active role in their healthcare decisions and self-management.

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