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A nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. What is the most important aspect of teaching the nurse should focus on?
- A. The importance of regular exercise
- B. Proper administration of insulin
- C. Maintaining a low-carbohydrate diet
- D. Recognizing signs of hyperglycemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, proper administration of insulin, because it is crucial for managing type 1 diabetes. Insulin is essential for regulating blood sugar levels in type 1 diabetes patients. Without proper insulin administration, the client's condition can deteriorate rapidly. Regular exercise (A) and a low-carbohydrate diet (C) are important aspects of diabetes management, but they are not as critical as ensuring proper insulin administration. Recognizing signs of hyperglycemia (D) is important, but knowing how to administer insulin correctly takes precedence in effectively managing type 1 diabetes.
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Because of the rapid elimination of volatile liquids used for general anesthesia, what should the nurse anticipate the patient will need early in the anesthesia recovery period?
- A. Warm blankets
- B. Analgesic medication
- C. Observation for respiratory depression
- D. Airway protection in anticipation of vomiting
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid elimination can lead to respiratory depression, necessitating close observation.
A client with a long history of smoking is being assessed by a nurse. Which finding is a common complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
- A. Decreased anteroposterior chest diameter
- B. Increased breath sounds
- C. Prolonged expiratory phase
- D. Increased chest expansion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. COPD is characterized by airway obstruction, leading to difficulty exhaling.
2. Prolonged expiratory phase is a common finding due to air trapping.
3. This leads to hyperinflation and increased residual volume.
4. Decreased anteroposterior chest diameter is not typical in COPD.
5. Increased breath sounds and chest expansion are not common in COPD.
In summary, choice C is correct because it directly relates to the pathophysiology of COPD, while the other choices are not consistent with the condition.
Match the following care planning tools to the description statement(s). There may be more than one statement per tool and some statements may be used more than once.
- A. Nursing Care Plan
- B. Concept Maps
- C. Clinical Pathway
- D. All
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nursing Care Plans direct teams, Concept Maps visualize relationships, and Clinical Pathways guide predictable cases.
When determining hearing acuity, if the client reports first perceiving sound at ___ dB, then his or her hearing is normal.
- A. 4
- B. 8
- C. 12
- D. 16
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Normal hearing acuity is typically defined as perceiving sound at 0-25 dB. Therefore, 4 dB would be within the range of normal hearing.
A nurse cares for a female client who has a family history of cystic fibrosis. The client asks, Will my children have cystic fibrosis? How should the nurse respond?
- A. Since many of your family members are carriers, your children will also be carriers of the gene.
- B. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder. If you are a carrier, your children will have the disorder.
- C. Since you have a family history of cystic fibrosis, I would encourage you & your partner to be tested.
- D. Cystic fibrosis is caused by a protein that controls the movement of chloride. Adjusting your diet will decrease the spread of this disorder.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
C is correct because it encourages genetic testing for both the client and their partner to assess the risk of passing on the cystic fibrosis gene. This approach provides the necessary information for informed decision-making regarding family planning. A is incorrect because being a carrier does not guarantee that the children will also be carriers. B is incorrect as it inaccurately states that if the client is a carrier, their children will have the disorder. D is incorrect because it oversimplifies the etiology of cystic fibrosis and suggests dietary adjustments as a solution, which is not effective in managing the genetic condition.