Nokea
A client with Parkinson's disease is prescribed levodopa (L-dopa) therapy. Improvement in which of the following indicates effective therapy?
- A. Mood.
- B. Muscle rigidity.
- C. Appetite.
- D. Alertness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levodopa reduces muscle rigidity, a hallmark symptom of Parkinson's, indicating effective therapy. Mood, appetite, and alertness are not primary targets of levodopa.
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Essential hypertension would be diagnosed in a 40-year-old male whose blood pressure readings were consistently at or above which of the following?
- A. 120/90 mm Hg.
- B. 130/85 mm Hg.
- C. 140/90 mm Hg.
- D. 160/80 mm Hg.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Essential hypertension is diagnosed with consistent blood pressure readings at or above 140/90 mm Hg, per standard guidelines.
The nurse teaches the client how to instill nose drops. Which of the following techniques is correct?
- A. The client uses sterile technique when handling the dropper.
- B. The client blows the nose gently before instilling drops.
- C. The client uses a new dropper for each instillation.
- D. The client sits in a semi-Fowler's position with the head tilted forward after administration of the drops.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blowing the nose gently before instilling nose drops clears the nasal passages, allowing better medication absorption. Sterile technique is not typically required for home use. Using a new dropper each time is impractical. The head should be tilted back, not forward, after administration to allow the drops to spread.
Which of the following clients with burns will most likely require an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube?
- A. Electrical burns of the hands and arms causing arrhythmias.
- B. Thermal burns to the head, face, and airway resulting in hypoxia.
- C. Chemical burns on the chest and abdomen.
- D. Secondhand smoke inhalation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thermal burns to the head, face, and airway can cause swelling and obstruction, leading to hypoxia and requiring airway management like endotracheal intubation or tracheostomy.
The nurse is taking care of a client with Clostridium difficile (C. difficile). The nurse should do which of the following to prevent the spread of infection? Select all that apply.
- A. Wear a particulate respirator.
- B. Wear sterile gloves when providing care.
- C. Cleanse hands with alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
- D. Wash hands with soap and water.
- E. Wear a protective gown when in the client's room.
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: To prevent the spread of C. difficile, washing hands with soap and water (D) is essential as alcohol-based sanitizers are ineffective against its spores, and wearing a protective gown (E) prevents contamination. A respirator (A) is unnecessary, sterile gloves (B) are not required (clean gloves suffice), and alcohol sanitizer (C) is ineffective. CN: Safety and infection control; CL: Create
A 34-year-old female is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Rapid pulse.
- B. Decreased energy and fatigue.
- C. Weight gain of 10 lb.
- D. Fine, thin hair with hair loss.
- E. Constipation.
- F. Menorrhagia.
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Hypothyroidism slows metabolism, leading to decreased energy, fatigue, weight gain, hair loss, constipation, and heavy menstrual periods (menorrhagia). Rapid pulse is associated with hyperthyroidism, not hypothyroidism.