Nokea
A client with retinal detachment of the right eye has a scleral buckling with instillation of silicone oil. Post-operatively the client should be positioned:
- A. In semi-Fowler's position with the head in neutral position
- B. Supine with the head turned to the right side
- C. In low Trendelenburg position with the head in neutral position
- D. Prone with the head turned to the left side
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Following a scleral buckling with instillation of silicone oil or gas, the client should be positioned prone with the head turned so that the operative eye is facing upward. Answers A, B, and C would displace the oil and prevent it from enhancing a seal between the retina and choroid.
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Most asthmatic attacks respond to Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Most asthmatic attacks respond to Epinephrine (Adrenalin) and it may be used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of some allergic conditions because it:
- A. Improves cardiac output due to its positive inotropic effect.
- B. Acts as a hypertensive agent elevating BP.
- C. Dilates the bronchi.
- D. Antagonizes histamine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epinephrine dilates bronchi, relieving bronchospasm in asthma and allergic reactions.
A diet rich in calcium over a lifetime will decrease the risk of
Heart disease
- A. Osteoporosis
- B. Gout
- C. Rheumatoid Arthritis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A diet rich in calcium over a lifetime will decrease the risk of osteoporosis by strengthening bones.
The intent of the Patient Self Determination Act (PSDA) of 1990 is to:
- A. enhance personal control over legal care decisions.
- B. encourage medical treatment decision making prior to need.
- C. give one federal standard for living wills and durable powers of attorney.
- D. emphasize client education.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The PSDA promotes advance decision-making for medical care, encouraging clients to plan before a crisis. It does not set a federal standard or focus solely on legal control or education. Coordinated Care
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection. Which of the following sites is most appropriate for an adult patient?
- A. Deltoid
- B. Vastus lateralis
- C. Dorsogluteal
- D. Ventrogluteal sites
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is safest for IM injections in adults, minimizing nerve or vessel damage. Deltoid and vastus lateralis are alternatives but less preferred, and dorsogluteal is avoided due to sciatic nerve risk.
An infant had a repair of a myelomeningocele two days ago. Which assessment is most important to detect a problem commonly seen following myelomeningocele repair?
- A. Bowel sounds
- B. Pulse oximetry
- C. Blood pressure in all four extremities
- D. Head circumference
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hydrocephalus is a common complication post-myelomeningocele repair due to altered cerebrospinal fluid flow; measuring head circumference detects this by identifying increased intracranial pressure.