A client with stage IV bone cancer is admitted to the hospital for pain control. The client verbalizes continuous, severe pain of 8 on a 1 to 10 scale. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Administer opioid and non-opioid medication simultaneously
- B. Administer only opioid medication as prescribed.
- C. Encourage the client to practice relaxation techniques
- D. Delay medication administration until reassessment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Combining opioid and non-opioid medications provides more effective pain relief for severe cancer-related pain.
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A child has third-degree burns of the hands, face, and chest. Which nursing diagnosis takes priority?
- A. Ineffective airway clearance related to edema
- B. Disturbed body image related to physical appearance
- C. Impaired urinary elimination related to fluid loss
- D. Risk for infection related to epidermal disruption
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Airway clearance is the top priority in burn patients, especially with facial burns, as swelling can obstruct the airway.
Which are the most serious complications for a child with Kawasaki disease? Select all that apply.
- A. Coronary thrombosis
- B. Hypocoagulability
- C. Decreased sedimentation time (ESR)
- D. Coronary stenosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most serious complications of Kawasaki disease involve the coronary arteries, including thrombosis, stenosis, and aneurysms, which can lead to significant cardiac issues.
Extracorpuscular causes of haemolysis include:
- A. a-Thalassaemia
- B. Hereditary ovalocytosis
- C. Warm antibody autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
- D. Pyruvate kinase deficiency
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warm antibody autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is an extracorpuscular cause of haemolysis. a-Thalassaemia and pyruvate kinase deficiency are intracorpuscular causes.
What are the SIX anatomic features associated with AVSD?
- A. AV-valve leaflets at the same level
- B. Absent AV septum
- C. Unwedged aortic valve
- D. Gooseneck elongated LVOT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: AVSD involves multiple anatomic features that lead to a characteristic appearance and functional issues in the heart.
Regarding iron deficiency anemia, which of the following is true?
- A. Ferritin levels are elevated
- B. Red blood cell count is usually normal
- C. Hemoglobin is usually decreased
- D. Serum iron levels are elevated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobin levels are usually decreased due to insufficient iron for red blood cell production.