Nokea
A client with the diagnosis of ovarian cancer confides practicing holistic medicine to the nurse. The client believes a cure exists through a macrobiotic diet, rather than what surgery or medical treatment can achieve. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. I would not bet my life on a diet treatment plan.'
- B. We can talk to your provider about adding this diet as a complementary therapy.'
- C. You should listen to your provider, who is the expert on this condition.'
- D. Alternative treatments do not have good outcomes for this type of cancer.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses should support clients in their beliefs about health and illness. Complementary treatments are treatments used in conjunction with mainstream medicine. Clients should be provided the opportunity to incorporate health belief in practices into their plan of care.
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How can the nurse best provide culturally sensitive care?
- A. Become familiar with physical differences among ethnic groups.
- B. Provide the proper food for nourishment.
- C. Accept each client as a unique individual.
- D. Facilitate rituals that bring comfort to the client.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Becoming familiar with physical differences, providing food that is customary to the culture, and facilitating rituals are all recommendations for enhancing transcultural sensitivity, but accepting each client as an individual is a characteristic that is found in the provision of culturally competent care.
The nurse is discussing a client's beliefs about health and illness and how it is treated. The client expresses the idea that illness and disease are based on a cause-and-effect philosophy of human body functions. The client's view matches which perspective?
- A. biomedical or scientific
- B. yin-yang theory
- C. magico-religious
- D. hot/cold theory
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The biomedical or scientific view is generally shared by Western health care personnel and is based on cause-and-effect relationships. An example is the belief that bacterial or viral organisms cause meningitis. The natural or holistic view espouses that human beings are only one part of nature. Natural balance or harmony is essential for health. Examples of this perspective include hot/cold theory and yin-yang theory. According to the magico-religious perspective, supernatural forces dominate. Examples include faith healing in some Christian faiths and voodoo or witchcraft in some Caribbean cultures.
The nursing instructor discussed the theory of energy forces existing between organisms and objects in the universe and called this yin-yang. Yin-yang is an example of which societal view of illness?
- A. Biomedical perspective
- B. Magico-religious perspective
- C. Naturalistic perspective
- D. Scientific perspective
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The naturalistic view espouses that human beings are only one part of nature. The yin-yang theory promotes the idea that energy forces exist between organisms and objects in the universe. The balance between these forces is health. The biomedical or scientific view embraces a cause-and-effect philosophy of human body functions. The magico-religious view believes that supernatural forces dominate.
The nurse is caring for a client who avoids looking the nurse straight in the eye. Which consideration(s) should the nurse account for when providing care for the client? Select all that apply.
- A. Avoiding eye contact may be a sign of respect.
- B. Direct eye contact may be viewed as an invasion of privacy.
- C. Standing directly in front of the client's gaze when speaking may encourage attentiveness.
- D. Using stereotyping may help the nurse avoid incorrect assumptions about the client's behavior.
- E. Determining the cause of the client's behavior may be accomplished by generalization.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The possibilities that avoiding eye contact may be a sign of respect, and that direct eye contact may be viewed as an invasion of privacy, are considerations the nurse should account for when providing care of the client who avoids looking the nurse straight in the eye. Standing directly in front of the client's gaze when speaking does not convey a desire to understand the client's behavior or provide a comfortable climate for the client. The nurse should avoid stereotyping and making assumptions about the client's behavior. Generalization should not be used to determine the cause of the client's behavior. Instead, generalization should be used to identify common trends in a group while recognizing that more information is needed; it does not describe an individual client.
A nurse is providing care to a hospitalized client of Asian descent. What action should the nurse take to provide culturally competent care?
- A. Adhere to a personal knowledge base of Asian values and beliefs.
- B. Ask the client what values and beliefs are important to them.
- C. Provide care from an ethnocentric viewpoint.
- D. Expect that the client's health and illness beliefs are based on Asian traditions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To provide culturally competent care, the nurse must accept the client as a unique individual with their own values and beliefs. To adhere to a personal knowledge base of Asian values and beliefs would be generalization and could lead to stereotyping. Culturally competent care cannot be provided from an ethnocentric viewpoint, which would be based on the nurse's perspective and reflects a lack of experience and knowledge of cultures other than their own. Even though the client is Asian, the nurse should not expect that the client adheres to traditional Asian customs, but should see the client as an individual, providing care based on their individual beliefs and values.