Nokea
Which describes thinking that one's values and beliefs are superior to others?
- A. Acculturation
- B. Ethnocentrism
- C. Cultural imposition
- D. Cultural taboo
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's ethnic heritage is the 'correct' one and superior to others. Acculturation involves the process of adapting to or taking on the behaviors of another group. Cultural imposition is the inclination to impose one's cultural beliefs, values, and patterns of behavior on people of a different culture. Cultural taboos are activities governed by rules of behavior that a particular cultural group avoids, forbids, or prohibits.
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How can the nurse best provide culturally sensitive care?
- A. Become familiar with physical differences among ethnic groups.
- B. Provide the proper food for nourishment.
- C. Accept each client as a unique individual.
- D. Facilitate rituals that bring comfort to the client.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Becoming familiar with physical differences, providing food that is customary to the culture, and facilitating rituals are all recommendations for enhancing transcultural sensitivity, but accepting each client as an individual is a characteristic that is found in the provision of culturally competent care.
The nurse is completing a cultural heritage assessment. Which item(s) will be included in this portion of the health assessment? Select all that apply.
- A. Religion
- B. Participation in religious traditions
- C. Health history
- D. Hygiene practices
- E. Use of tobacco
- F. Management of symptoms
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F
Rationale: Health-related beliefs and practices (such as religious traditions, hygiene practices, and management of symptoms) can reflect the cultural heritage of the client. Asking questions can assist in determining cultural heritage. Tobacco use and/or health history assists in the health history but does not reflect upon heritage or culture.
The nursing instructor discussed the theory of energy forces existing between organisms and objects in the universe and called this yin-yang. Yin-yang is an example of which societal view of illness?
- A. Biomedical perspective
- B. Magico-religious perspective
- C. Naturalistic perspective
- D. Scientific perspective
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The naturalistic view espouses that human beings are only one part of nature. The yin-yang theory promotes the idea that energy forces exist between organisms and objects in the universe. The balance between these forces is health. The biomedical or scientific view embraces a cause-and-effect philosophy of human body functions. The magico-religious view believes that supernatural forces dominate.
While providing personal care for a client, the nurse observes that the client is not comfortable with the close physical proximity. How will the nurse alleviate the discomfort of the client during personal care?
- A. Speak words or phrases in the client's style of speaking.
- B. Maintain sufficient distance.
- C. Ensure that the client's family member is present.
- D. Provide simple explanations of the need for physical proximity.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Simple explanations of the need for physical proximity during clinical procedures and personal care help alleviate the discomfort that the client may experience. Maintaining sufficient distance and ensuring that the client's family member is present may not help alleviate the discomfort the client is experiencing. Speaking words or phrases in the client's language will help in communicating with clients who do not speak the dominant language, but this action is not related to proximity.
A nurse is providing care to a hospitalized client of Asian descent. What action should the nurse take to provide culturally competent care?
- A. Adhere to a personal knowledge base of Asian values and beliefs.
- B. Ask the client what values and beliefs are important to them.
- C. Provide care from an ethnocentric viewpoint.
- D. Expect that the client's health and illness beliefs are based on Asian traditions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To provide culturally competent care, the nurse must accept the client as a unique individual with their own values and beliefs. To adhere to a personal knowledge base of Asian values and beliefs would be generalization and could lead to stereotyping. Culturally competent care cannot be provided from an ethnocentric viewpoint, which would be based on the nurse's perspective and reflects a lack of experience and knowledge of cultures other than their own. Even though the client is Asian, the nurse should not expect that the client adheres to traditional Asian customs, but should see the client as an individual, providing care based on their individual beliefs and values.