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Which is a process by which the nurse consistently works in the cultural context of the client, family, and community?
- A. Stereotyping
- B. Ethnicity
- C. Cultural competence
- D. Subculture
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing culturally competent care is a process by which the nurse consistently endeavors to work in the cultural context and client's family, culture and community. Stereotyping means assuming that all people in a particular cultural, racial, or ethnic group share the same values and beliefs, behave similarly, and are basically like. Ethnicity is the bond or kinship that people feel with their country of birth or place of ancestral origin. Subculture refers to a particular group that shares characteristics identifying the group as a distinct entity.
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Which concept characterizes transcultural nursing?
- A. Performing health-related activities and restoring wellness
- B. Acknowledging that clients with the same skin tone have similar social situations
- C. Planning care compatible with the client's health belief system
- D. Influencing culture by specific conditions related to an environment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Planning care compatible with the client's health belief system is a characteristic of transcultural nursing. Acknowledging that clients with the same skin tone have similar social situations leads to stereotyping. Stereotyping can be dangerous because it is dehumanizing and also interferes in accepting others as unique individuals. Culture is influenced by specific conditions related to environment. Performing health-related activities and restoring wellness is an important aspect of nursing and does not only pertain to transcultural nursing.
When the nurse attempts to obtain vital signs, the client pulls away, gathers the bed covers to the chin, and speaks in a language unfamiliar to the nurse. What is the best action for the nurse to take?
- A. Talk slowly and explain current actions.
- B. Use gesturing and pictures to explain current actions.
- C. Smile and take the vital signs anyway.
- D. Attempt to locate an interpreter.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ideally, obtaining an interpreter will increase the communication between client and nurse. Talking slower or gesturing may not provide a clear understanding for client or nurse. Proceeding without the approval of client could violate the client's cultural beliefs.
The nurse is discussing a client's beliefs about health and illness and how it is treated. The client expresses the idea that illness and disease are based on a cause-and-effect philosophy of human body functions. The client's view matches which perspective?
- A. biomedical or scientific
- B. yin-yang theory
- C. magico-religious
- D. hot/cold theory
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The biomedical or scientific view is generally shared by Western health care personnel and is based on cause-and-effect relationships. An example is the belief that bacterial or viral organisms cause meningitis. The natural or holistic view espouses that human beings are only one part of nature. Natural balance or harmony is essential for health. Examples of this perspective include hot/cold theory and yin-yang theory. According to the magico-religious perspective, supernatural forces dominate. Examples include faith healing in some Christian faiths and voodoo or witchcraft in some Caribbean cultures.
Which describes thinking that one's values and beliefs are superior to others?
- A. Acculturation
- B. Ethnocentrism
- C. Cultural imposition
- D. Cultural taboo
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's ethnic heritage is the 'correct' one and superior to others. Acculturation involves the process of adapting to or taking on the behaviors of another group. Cultural imposition is the inclination to impose one's cultural beliefs, values, and patterns of behavior on people of a different culture. Cultural taboos are activities governed by rules of behavior that a particular cultural group avoids, forbids, or prohibits.
A nurse is completing discharge instructions for a client. The nurse can best evaluate the likeliness that the client will adhere to the instructions by the use of which action?
- A. Make the client promise to follow the instructions and adhere to the plan.
- B. Ask if the client agrees with the instructions that are outlined.
- C. Assess the client's beliefs regarding health maintenance, promotion, and remedies.
- D. Observe the client's face to see if the client is smiling, which can be interpreted as agreement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Some individuals will not openly disagree with people in authority or who possess advanced education, so it is best for the nurse to assess the client's beliefs regarding health maintenance, promotion, and remedies. A client smiling, agreeing to, or promising to comply is not proof of agreement because the client may believe it impolite to disagree with someone seen as being in a position of authority.