Nokea
A client's PPD test is positive, and a chest x-ray is negative. What is the best interpretation of these data?
- A. The client's resistance to tuberculosis is low.
- B. The client has been exposed to the organism but has not developed the disease.
- C. The client has tuberculosis, but it is not serious.
- D. The client has active tuberculosis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive PPD with a negative chest x-ray indicates exposure to tuberculosis without active disease.
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The school nurse is presenting a class to students at a primary school on how to prevent the transmission of the common cold virus. Which information should the nurse discuss?
- A. Instruct the children to always keep a tissue or handkerchief with them.
- B. Explain that children current with immunizations will not get a cold.
- C. Tell the children they should go to the doctor if they get a cold.
- D. Demonstrate to the students how to wash hands correctly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Handwashing (D) is the most effective way to prevent cold transmission. Tissues (A) are secondary, immunizations (B) don’t prevent colds, and doctor visits (C) are unnecessary for most colds.
Which statement by the client indicates an accurate understanding of the purpose of aerosol therapy?
- A. Aerosol therapy relieves tissue irritation.
- B. Aerosol therapy delivers medication directly to the lungs.
- C. Aerosolization dries respiratory passages.
- D. Aerosol therapy helps to slow breathing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aerosol therapy delivers medication directly to the lungs, targeting the respiratory tract for effective treatment of bronchitis.
Which instruction is priority for the nurse to discuss with the client diagnosed with ARDS who is being discharged from the hospital?
- A. Avoid smoking and exposure to smoke.
- B. Do not receive flu or pneumonia vaccines.
- C. Avoid any type of alcohol intake.
- D. It will take about one (1) month to recuperate.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding smoke (A) prevents further lung damage, a priority post-ARDS. Vaccines (B) are recommended, alcohol (C) is not restricted, and recovery time (D) varies.
Which nursing action is essential during tracheal suctioning?
- A. Using a lubricant such as petroleum jelly
- B. Administering 100% oxygen before and after suctioning
- C. Making sure the suction catheter is open or on during insertion
- D. Assisting the client to assume a supine position during suctioning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering 100% oxygen before and after suctioning prevents hypoxia during the procedure.
The best evidence that the client understands the procedure for a pulmonary function test is when stating that it involves which action?
- A. Having an X-ray taken
- B. Drawing a blood specimen
- C. Breathing into a mouthpiece
- D. Examining expectorated sputum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulmonary function tests involve breathing into a mouthpiece to measure lung capacity and airflow.