Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX PN Questions

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A clinic nurse about to meet a new client plans to gather subjective data regarding the client's health history. Which action does the nurse take to help ensure the success of the interview?

  • A. Ensuring that the room is private
  • B. Having the client sit across from the nurse without a desk or table between them
  • C. Maintaining a distance of 4 to 5 feet between the nurse and client
  • D. Adjusting the room lighting to ensure it is comfortable and conducive for the client
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The physical environment of an interview room should provide optimal conditions to encourage a smooth interview and make the client feel comfortable. The nurse ensures that privacy is maintained to avoid interruptions during the interview. This helps create a safe space for the client to share sensitive information. Having the client sit across from the nurse without a desk or table between them is also important to promote open communication and build rapport. Maintaining a distance of 4 to 5 feet from the client respects their personal space and helps prevent the client from feeling overwhelmed. While adjusting the room lighting is beneficial for creating a comfortable atmosphere, ensuring privacy is crucial for establishing trust and confidentiality. Therefore, ensuring that the room is private is crucial for the success of the interview, making choice A the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the importance of privacy in creating a conducive environment for the interview.

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Which of the following strategies should the nurse include when planning care for children of migrant workers?

  • A. Delay immunizations due to acute illness.
  • B. Provide parents with copies of medical records.
  • C. Offer preventive services during acute illness visits.
  • D. Emphasize the importance of having one primary care provider.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When planning care for children of migrant workers, providing parents with copies of medical records is essential. This helps ensure continuity of care, especially as migrant families may move frequently. Immunizations should not be delayed due to acute illness; preventive care, including immunizations, should be provided even during acute illness visits to ensure the child stays up to date. While it is important to offer preventive services during routine visits, it is not ideal to provide them only during acute illness visits. Emphasizing the importance of having one primary care provider is valuable in healthcare, but it may not be feasible for migrant families due to their mobility.

Which of the following would likely not impede learning?

  • A. a client who took Ambien® an hour ago
  • B. a bipolar client currently in a manic phase
  • C. a client who states they are not interested
  • D. a client with dysphagia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is a client who states they are not interested. While lack of interest can hinder learning motivation, it is not a physical or mental barrier that directly impacts the learning process. On the other hand, a client who took Ambien® an hour ago may experience drowsiness or impaired cognitive function, affecting their ability to learn. A bipolar client in a manic phase may exhibit symptoms such as racing thoughts, distractibility, and impulsivity, making it challenging for them to focus and engage in the learning process. A client with dysphagia may have difficulty swallowing, which can interfere with their ability to take oral medications or participate in activities that involve swallowing.

The LPN is preparing a client for discharge, and the discharge medications include phenobarbital. Which of these client statements would indicate a need for reinforced teaching about this medication?

  • A. "I will need to avoid eating excessive leafy greens."?
  • B. "It's best to take this medication with food."?
  • C. "I can't wait to get back to my nightly glass of wine."?
  • D. "I should try to take this medication at the same time every day."?
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is, "I can't wait to get back to my nightly glass of wine,"? as phenobarbital should not be taken with alcohol as it is a barbiturate. Alcohol may increase the sedative effect, posing risks to the patient's safety. Choice A, "I will need to avoid eating excessive leafy greens,"? is unrelated to phenobarbital and not a cause for reinforced teaching. Choice B, "It's best to take this medication with food,"? is a general instruction and not specific to phenobarbital. Choice D, "I should try to take this medication at the same time every day,"? is a common recommendation for medication adherence but does not highlight a specific concern related to phenobarbital.

In a community pediatric health clinic, which developmental task should you apply into your practice?

  • A. You should apply the principles of initiative when caring for preschool children.
  • B. You should apply the principles of sensorimotor thought when caring for preschool children.
  • C. You should apply the principles of intimacy when caring for the adolescent.
  • D. You should apply the principles of concrete operations when caring for the adolescent.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: When working in a community pediatric health clinic, applying the principles of initiative is crucial when caring for preschool children. According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, the developmental task for preschool children is initiative. Preschool children are in the stage where they are eager to initiate activities and carry out tasks. This stage is characterized by a balance between initiative and guilt. By encouraging children to explore and take the initiative in a supportive environment, healthcare providers can foster their sense of independence and creativity.

The other choices are incorrect because:
- Sensorimotor thought is a term associated with Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory, not Erikson's psychosocial theory.
- Intimacy is a developmental task associated with young adults, not adolescents, in Erikson's theory.
- Concrete operations is a term linked to Piaget's theory of cognitive development and is not a developmental task according to Erikson's psychosocial theory.

When a 25-year-old client complains of chest congestion and cough after previously presenting with cold symptoms, what data should the nurse collect?

  • A. Data related to follow-up care
  • B. A complete health database
  • C. Data related to the respiratory system
  • D. Data related to the treatment for the cold
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this case, the nurse should collect data related to the respiratory system since the client is presenting with symptoms like chest congestion and cough, indicating a respiratory issue. Focusing on the respiratory system will help gather pertinent information to assess the current problem comprehensively. A complete health database involves a detailed health history and full physical examination, which is beyond the immediate scope of the presenting issue. Data related to follow-up care is premature as the primary focus should be on assessing the current respiratory symptoms. Data related to the treatment for the cold is not the priority at this stage, as understanding the underlying respiratory problem is crucial for appropriate intervention.

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