Nokea
A clinical polysomnography (PSG) may be performed on a patient with signs and symptoms of a sleep disorder. What measures and observations does this study include (select all that apply)?
- A. Heart rate monitoring
- B. Noninvasive oxygen saturation (SpO2)
- C. Surface body temperature fluctuations
- D. Blood pressure monitoring (noninvasive)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, E, F, G, H, and I. PSG includes heart rate, SpO2, airflow, muscle tone, respiratory effort, eye movements, and brain activity. Surface body temperature (C) and actigraphy (J) are not typically part of PSG.
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A client reports a headache and vertigo after turning on his furnace for the first time this season. The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions?
- A. Carbon monoxide poisoning
- B. Heat stroke
- C. Hypersensitivity reaction
- D. Oxygen toxicity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Carbon monoxide poisoning. When the furnace is turned on for the first time, it may release carbon monoxide, a colorless and odorless gas that can cause headaches and vertigo. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin, reducing oxygen delivery to tissues, leading to symptoms. Heat stroke (B) is caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures. Hypersensitivity reactions (C) involve the immune system's response to an allergen. Oxygen toxicity (D) occurs with prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen.
Nurses who rotate shifts or work nights are at risk for developing shift work sleep disorder characterized by insomnia, sleepiness, and fatigue. Identify at least three negative implications for the nurse.
- A. Increased risk of errors
- B. Decreased job satisfaction
- C. Higher likelihood of accidents
- D. Sleep just before going to work
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and C. Shift work sleep disorder increases the risk of errors, reduces job satisfaction, and raises the likelihood of accidents due to impaired alertness.
What nursing measure would be most helpful in obtaining Mr. Smith’s compliance with treatment?
- A. Involve Mrs. Smith in the teaching sessions
- B. Teach Mr. Smith about his prescribed medications
- C. Ask the social worker to talk to Mr. Smith
- D. Refer the Smiths to the American Lung Association
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Education empowers patients to understand and adhere to their treatment plans.
An 80-year-old patient is placed in isolation when infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The patient was alert and oriented on admission, but is now having visual hallucinations and can follow only simple directions. The medical-surgical nurse recognizes that the changes in the patient's mental status are related to
- A. a fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
- B. a stimulating environment.
- C. sensory deprivation.
- D. sundowning.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isolation can lead to sensory deprivation, affecting cognitive function.
What are the responsibilities of a circulating nurse?
- A. Obtaining and opening wrapped sterile equipment.
- B. Preparing sutures.
- C. Handing instruments to the surgeon and assistants.
- D. Assisting with putting the client to sleep.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the circulating nurse ensures all necessary sterile equipment is available and prepared.