Nokea
A community health nurse has taken the Promoting Cultural and Linguistic Competency Self- Assessment Checklist for Personnel Providing Primary Health Care Services and is reviewing the results. Which action describes how the results of this self-assessment checklist should be utilized?
- A. To identify areas for self-improvement
- B. To determine readiness for job advancement
- C. To rate job performance
- D. To discipline an employee
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: To identify areas for self-improvement. The self-assessment checklist is designed to help individuals reflect on their cultural and linguistic competency in providing healthcare services. By reviewing the results, the nurse can identify strengths and areas needing improvement in their practice. This allows for targeted professional development and training to enhance their skills and better meet the needs of diverse patient populations. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the checklist is not meant for determining job advancement readiness, rating job performance, or disciplining employees. It is primarily a tool for self-reflection and continuous learning.
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Which of the following is a basic assumption of public health efforts?
- A. Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong.
- B. Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding.
- C. The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community.
- D. The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The health of individuals cannot be separated from the health of the community. This assumption is fundamental in public health efforts because it emphasizes the interconnectedness of individual and community health. Public health focuses on improving overall community well-being by addressing factors that influence health outcomes for individuals. This approach recognizes that individual health is influenced by social, environmental, and economic factors, and that community-level interventions are crucial for promoting health and preventing disease.
Incorrect answers:
A: Health disparities among any groups are morally and legally wrong. While addressing health disparities is important in public health, it is not a basic assumption.
B: Health care is the most important priority in government planning and funding. This choice prioritizes healthcare over public health efforts, which focus on prevention and community health.
D: The government is responsible for lengthening the life span of Americans. This choice is too narrow and does not capture the holistic approach of public health in promoting overall well-being.
A nurse is administering a tuberculosis skin test to a client who has AIDS. Which of the following results should the nurse anticipate when using this screening test?
- A. Decreased positive predictive value
- B. Decreased reliability
- C. Decreased sensitivity
- D. Decreased specificity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased sensitivity. In clients with AIDS, the immune system is compromised, leading to a decreased ability to mount a response to antigens, such as the one in the tuberculosis skin test. This results in a higher likelihood of false-negative results, as the client may have tuberculosis but not have a strong enough immune response to produce a positive result. Therefore, the nurse should anticipate a decreased sensitivity in this population.
A: Decreased positive predictive value is not directly impacted by the client's immune status but rather by the prevalence of the disease in the population.
B: Decreased reliability is a vague term and not specific to the immune status of the client.
D: Decreased specificity is not typically affected by the client's immune status but rather by the test's ability to correctly identify those without the disease.
A city council discusses how former city laws promoted segregation in the community years ago. Which of the following was being demonstrated when segregation occurred?
- A. Prejudice
- B. Cultural imposition
- C. Racism
- D. Stereotyping
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Racism. When segregation occurred due to city laws, it was a demonstration of racism, which involves systemic discrimination and prejudice against individuals based on their race or ethnicity. Racism was institutionalized through these laws, leading to unequal treatment and opportunities for different racial groups. Prejudice (A) refers to preconceived opinions that are not necessarily institutionalized like racism. Cultural imposition (B) is the act of imposing one's cultural values on others and is not the primary factor in segregation. Stereotyping (D) involves generalizations about a group of people but does not necessarily lead to segregation on its own.
A registered nurse was just employed as a public health nurse. Which question would be the most
- A. Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?
- B. Which patients should I see first as I begin my day?
- C. With which physicians will I be most closely collaborating?
- D. With which nursing assistants will I partner the most?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Which groups are at the greatest risk for problems?" as it aligns with the primary focus of public health nursing, which is to prevent and address health issues within communities. By identifying high-risk groups, the nurse can prioritize interventions and allocate resources effectively.
Choice B is incorrect because public health nursing typically involves a population-based approach rather than individual patient care. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains more to hospital settings rather than public health. Choice D is incorrect as public health nurses typically work independently or with a team of public health professionals rather than nursing assistants.
A nurse advises a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily.
- A. Primary prevention
- B. Secondary prevention
- C. Tertiary prevention
- D. Treatment, but not prevention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. This recommendation aims to prevent osteoporosis from developing in the first place by promoting adequate calcium intake. Primary prevention focuses on reducing the risk factors and promoting healthy behaviors to prevent the onset of a disease. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are related to different stages of disease prevention and management. Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment to prevent complications, tertiary prevention focuses on managing the complications of a disease, and treatment without prevention (choice D) implies addressing the disease after it has already developed.