Nokea
A nurse is assessing a client who reports increased pain following physical therapy. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask when assessing the quality of the client's pain?
- A. Is your pain constant or intermittent?
- B. What would you rate your pain on a scale of 0 to 10?
- C. Does the pain radiate?
- D. Is your pain sharp or dull?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Is your pain sharp or dull? This question helps differentiate between different types of pain, which can provide valuable information about the underlying cause and guide appropriate interventions. Sharp pain is often associated with nerve or tissue damage, while dull pain may indicate inflammation or muscle strain. Asking about the quality of pain is crucial in pain assessment.
A: Is your pain constant or intermittent? - This question focuses on the duration of pain rather than the quality.
B: What would you rate your pain on a scale of 0 to 10? - This question assesses pain intensity, not quality.
C: Does the pain radiate? - This question assesses pain distribution, not quality.
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How are values learned?
- A. Reading books
- B. Formal degrees
- C. Continuous reinforcement
- D. Meeting diverse individuals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Continuous reinforcement is the correct answer because values are primarily learned through repeated exposure and reinforcement of certain behaviors or beliefs. This process helps to internalize and solidify values over time. Reading books (A) may provide knowledge but does not necessarily lead to value formation. Formal degrees (B) offer education but do not guarantee value acquisition. Meeting diverse individuals (D) can broaden perspectives but may not directly teach values through reinforcement. Continuous reinforcement, on the other hand, ensures consistent learning and reinforcement of values.
An active 28-year-old male with type 1 diabetes is being seen in the endocrine clinic. Which finding may indicate the need for a change in therapy?
- A. Hemoglobin A1C level 6.2%
- B. Blood pressure 146/88 mmHg
- C. Heart rate at rest 58 beats/minute
- D. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level 65 mg/dL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a blood pressure of 146/88 mmHg indicates hypertension, which is a common complication of diabetes. High blood pressure can lead to cardiovascular complications and may warrant a change in therapy. A: Hemoglobin A1C level 6.2% is within the target range for diabetes control. C: Resting heart rate of 58 beats/minute is within the normal range for an active individual. D: HDL level of 65 mg/dL is considered high and is actually beneficial for cardiovascular health.
A manager has a budget request deadline today at 3:00. He stops his work to answer the phone, check emails as they arrive, and speak with staff who stop by his office. As a result, he misses the deadline. What best describes the cause of missing his deadline?
- A. Goal setting
- B. Organization
- C. Time wasters
- D. Assertiveness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Time wasters. The manager missed the deadline due to distractions such as answering phone calls, checking emails, and engaging with staff, which are all considered time-wasting activities. These distractions prevented him from focusing on the task at hand, leading to missing the deadline. Goal setting (choice A) is about defining objectives, not the immediate cause of missing the deadline. Organization (choice B) refers to structuring tasks efficiently, which the manager failed to do. Assertiveness (choice D) relates to standing up for oneself and making decisions, not the primary reason for missing the deadline in this scenario.
As an RN stands in line for the cafeteria cashier, he overhears the staff in front of him talking about a client the RN took care of earlier in the week. The client’s room number is mentioned along with the diagnosis and prognosis. Which of the following actions should the RN take?
- A. Join in the conversation in case the RN is assigned to care for the client in the future.
- B. Remind the staff members that they are in a public location and sharing this information is a breach of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
- C. Correct a statement made by one of the staff members.
- D. Ignore the conversation.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Remind the staff members that they are in a public location and sharing this information is a breach of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).
Rationale:
1. HIPAA protects patients' confidentiality and prohibits the disclosure of personal health information without consent.
2. By reminding the staff members of this breach, the RN upholds ethical standards and protects the client's privacy.
3. Joining the conversation (choice A) would further violate the client's confidentiality.
4. Correcting a statement (choice C) may draw more attention to the conversation, potentially worsening the breach.
5. Ignoring the conversation (choice D) would be neglectful of the RN's duty to protect patient information.
What behaviors can be observed before a person becomes violent? (EXCEPT)
- A. Wandering
- B. Tense shoulders and clenched fists
- C. Blank stare
- D. Positioned with one foot in back and an arm pulled back
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because wandering is not typically associated with violent behavior. Tense shoulders and clenched fists (B), blank stare (C), and positioned with one foot in back and an arm pulled back (D) are commonly observed behaviors before a person becomes violent. Tense shoulders and clenched fists indicate agitation, a blank stare can indicate aggression, and the specific body positioning described in D suggests readiness for physical aggression. Wandering, however, is more likely to indicate confusion or aimlessness rather than impending violence.