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A community health nurse is planning strategies to prevent an increase in the incidence of osteoporosis in the community. Which activity should the nurse include?
- A. Ensure that all meals delivered to persons receiving Meals-on-Wheels include fresh or canned fruit.
- B. Schedule blood pressure screenings during craft club hours for elderly women at the senior center.
- C. Lobby the local school board to increase physical education classes at all schools in the district.
- D. Collaborate with a local scout troop to determine families that need wheelchair ramps installed.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing physical education promotes weight-bearing exercises, essential for building bone density and preventing osteoporosis, especially in youth.
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A toddler is brought by a parent to the health department for scheduled immunizations. The toddler clings to the caregiver and cowers when approached. Which assessment warrants immediate intervention by the nurse?
- A. Small bruises on the lower extremities.
- B. A one-inch laceration across center of forehead.
- C. Refusal to answer simple questions.
- D. Several dime-sized circular burns on the back.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Circular burns are suggestive of abuse, requiring immediate intervention to ensure the child's safety and further investigation.
While reviewing the objectives for 'Healthy People 2030,' the nurse determines that the community has a significant problem in preventing dental caries among children. To bring about change that addresses this identified community health problem, which is the best place to initiate a prevention program?
- A. Hospital emergency departments.
- B. The local shopping mall.
- C. Women, Infant, and Children office.
- D. Community youth center.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The WIC office targets low-income families with young children, ideal for dental caries prevention through education and resources.
A migrant farm worker who lives in a mobile home with several other workers visits the Migrant Health Care Center. The client reports Increasing episodes of dizziness, headaches, abdominal cramps, and difficulty breathing. Which nursing action has the highest priority?
- A. Gather information about the client's recent exposure to pesticides.
- B. Obtain a blood sample to assess for possible lead paint exposure.
- C. Ask about the length of his workday and frequency of rest breaks.
- D. Determine the number and age of persons living in the mobile home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms like dizziness and breathing difficulty suggest pesticide poisoning, a common risk for farm workers, requiring immediate investigation to guide treatment.
The school nurse is assessing a group of middle school students for signs of scoliosis and discovers a student with a noticeable unequal symmetry of the upper and lower back. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
- A. Make a referral to have the scoliosis further evaluated.
- B. Measure the degree of the thoracic and lumbar curvature.
- C. Ask about the student's ability to participate in sports.
- D. Review students health record for a recent growth spurt.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Referring for further evaluation by a specialist ensures accurate diagnosis and timely management of potential scoliosis, addressing the observed asymmetry.
The school nurse administers methylphenidate to an adolescent with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). When evaluating the drug's effectiveness, which information is most important for the nurse to review?
- A. Parent's report about behavior.
- B. Current grade report.
- C. Self-report about treatment progress.
- D. Past grade report.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Parents' reports on behavior provide critical insights into ADHD symptom management across settings, essential for evaluating methylphenidate's effectiveness.