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A nurse is planning a nutrition class for a group of older adults at a community center and wants to emphasize the amount and types of fat in some foods versus others. Which teaching method is best for the nurse to use?
- A. Ask each older adult to bring a food for others to taste, then estimate the fat contained in these foods.
- B. Show a movie about cooking with foods that are low in fat but delicious.
- C. Determine foods most often eaten by this group and discuss the nutritional panel of each product.
- D. Display posters with foods and tell the seniors about the fat content
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Discussing nutritional panels of commonly eaten foods provides practical, personalized education on fat content, enabling informed dietary choices.
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During a community health screening fair for older adults, the nurse observes a client who has pale, bluish feet, with sores on both lower extremities that are healing poorly. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Refer to healthcare provider for complete evaluation.
- B. Send client to the emergency department for treatment.
- C. Instruct client to apply antibiotic ointment to sores.
- D. Create a list of foods that promote wound healing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pale, bluish feet with poor-healing sores suggest serious conditions like peripheral vascular disease, requiring a comprehensive healthcare provider evaluation.
The city health department director asks the community health nurse to make a presentation describing the greatest health concern facing the city. How should the nurse begin to collect the data needed for this presentation?
- A. Review morbidity data for the city's population compiled by the Bureau of Vital Statistics.
- B. Conduct a random telephone survey to determine the public's perception about health problems.
- C. Call American Medical Association members to determine the most frequently treated diagnoses.
- D. Survey major hospitals in the area to determine the most common reasons for admissions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morbidity data from the Bureau of Vital Statistics provides comprehensive, objective information on disease prevalence, identifying major health concerns.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which diseases are reportable infectious diseases? Select all that apply.
- A. Pediculosis.
- B. Bacterial conjunctivitis.
- C. Anthrax.
- D. Diphtheria.
- E. Tuberculosis.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Anthrax, Diphtheria, and Tuberculosis are reportable due to their severe public health implications, potential for outbreaks, and, in the case of anthrax, bioterrorism concerns. Pediculosis and bacterial conjunctivitis, while public health concerns, are not typically mandated for reporting to the CDC.
The school nurse is assessing a group of middle school students for signs of scoliosis and discovers a student with a noticeable unequal symmetry of the upper and lower back. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
- A. Make a referral to have the scoliosis further evaluated.
- B. Measure the degree of the thoracic and lumbar curvature.
- C. Ask about the student's ability to participate in sports.
- D. Review students health record for a recent growth spurt.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Referring for further evaluation by a specialist ensures accurate diagnosis and timely management of potential scoliosis, addressing the observed asymmetry.
A migrant farm worker who lives in a mobile home with several other workers visits the Migrant Health Care Center. The client reports Increasing episodes of dizziness, headaches, abdominal cramps, and difficulty breathing. Which nursing action has the highest priority?
- A. Gather information about the client's recent exposure to pesticides.
- B. Obtain a blood sample to assess for possible lead paint exposure.
- C. Ask about the length of his workday and frequency of rest breaks.
- D. Determine the number and age of persons living in the mobile home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms like dizziness and breathing difficulty suggest pesticide poisoning, a common risk for farm workers, requiring immediate investigation to guide treatment.