Nokea
A community health nurse is providing screening for lipid disorders. Which of the following is the primary goal of this activity?
- A. Early detection of disease
- B. Client enrollment in prevention programs
- C. Promotion of appropriate lifestyle changes
- D. Identification of family history of medical problems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Early detection of disease. The primary goal of screening for lipid disorders is to identify individuals at risk for developing lipid disorders such as high cholesterol levels. Early detection allows for timely intervention and treatment to prevent complications like heart disease. Choice B is incorrect because enrollment in prevention programs is a secondary outcome of screening, not the primary goal. Choice C is also incorrect as promoting lifestyle changes is a part of the intervention phase, not the primary goal of screening. Choice D is incorrect as identifying family history is important but not the primary goal of screening for lipid disorders.
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A public health nurse is responding to a suspected anthrax exposure at a workplace. Which action should the nurse take?
- A. Alert the family members of coworkers about possible exposure to anthrax
- B. Place the employee under quarantine for 14 days
- C. Refer coworkers who might have been exposed to a provider for prophylactic antibiotics
- D. Instruct the client to wear a mask at work
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the public health nurse is to refer coworkers who might have been exposed to a provider for prophylactic antibiotics (Choice C). This is because prophylactic antibiotics can help prevent the development of anthrax infection after exposure. Alerting family members (Choice A) is unnecessary as the focus should be on the exposed individuals. Quarantine (Choice B) may not be necessary if the individuals receive prophylactic treatment. Instructing the client to wear a mask (Choice D) is not effective in preventing anthrax transmission.
A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when providing oral care for the client?
- A. Test for the presence of the client's gag reflex
- B. Place the client in the supine position
- C. Use a firm toothbrush for tooth and gum care
- D. Use 2 gauze-wrapped fingers to hold the mouth open
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Test for the presence of the client's gag reflex. This is important to prevent aspiration during oral care. By testing the gag reflex, the nurse can ensure the client's airway is protected. Placing the client in the supine position (choice B) can increase the risk of aspiration. Using a firm toothbrush (choice C) can damage the delicate tissues in the mouth. Using 2 gauze-wrapped fingers to hold the mouth open (choice D) can increase the risk of injury to the client's oral mucosa.
A nurse is working with a care manager for a client who participates in a health maintenance organization. The nurse should identify that a health maintenance organization provides which of the following payment structures?
- A. The client is participating in a fee-for-service health care insurance program
- B. The provider is paid a fixed sum for the client on a monthly or yearly basis
- C. The client pays the insurer a percentage of the total costs for each service rendered by the provider
- D. The provider bills the client directly for a predetermined percentage of the cost of services
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. In a health maintenance organization (HMO), the provider is paid a fixed sum for the client on a monthly or yearly basis. This payment structure incentivizes providers to focus on preventive care and cost-effective treatments. This model aims to keep clients healthy and reduce unnecessary services.
A: Fee-for-service is not characteristic of an HMO.
C: This describes a cost-sharing model, not typical of an HMO.
D: Providers do not bill clients directly in an HMO.
A client states, 'My life has no meaning right now.' What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Have you been thinking about harming yourself?
- B. How long have you been feeling this way?
- C. Tell me what is going on with you right now.
- D. Do you really think your life has no purpose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. By asking the client if they have been thinking about harming themselves, the nurse is directly addressing the potential risk of suicide, which is crucial when a client expresses feelings of hopelessness. This question helps assess the client's safety and determine the need for immediate intervention. Choices B, C, and D are not as direct in addressing the potential risk of self-harm and may not provide the necessary urgency in ensuring the client's safety. Asking about self-harm is critical in assessing the severity of the client's distress and ensuring appropriate interventions are implemented promptly.
A nurse is planning a priority intervention to reduce obesity in the community. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage enrollment and attendance at weight reduction programs
- B. Educate children at a daycare center about nutrition and exercise
- C. Distribute health risk appraisal questionnaires at community functions
- D. Measure the BMI of older adults at a community senior center
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Educate children at a daycare center about nutrition and exercise. This is the priority intervention because educating children about nutrition and exercise can help prevent obesity in the long term. By teaching healthy habits early on, the nurse can make a significant impact on reducing obesity rates in the community. Encouraging enrollment in weight reduction programs (A) may help individuals who are already obese but does not address prevention. Distributing health risk appraisal questionnaires (C) and measuring BMI of older adults (D) are important but not the priority for reducing obesity in the community.