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A community health nurse is using the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) as a guide while developing an education presentation about nutrition for a community group. How will the use of the DRIs be helpful in developing this presentation?
- A. It considers the unique differences among children, pregnant women, and elderly people.
- B. It contains well-researched data that are reviewed on an annual basis.
- C. It is prescriptive in the amount of nutrients that are needed on a daily basis.
- D. It serves as an overall guideline for the population.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DRIs provide guidelines for populations, offering general guidance rather than specific daily nutrient amounts.
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A nurse uses ethical reasoning to solve an ethical dilemma. Why would the nurse use this process?
- A. Assists in predicting all of the possible consequences of future actions
- B. Facilitates gathering of the most important information to solve the problem
- C. Considers the importance of caring when solving the problem
- D. Highlights salient aspects of future actions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethical reasoning helps gather important information and uncover key issues to address moral concerns in health care.
Which of the following would be considered part of a vulnerable population?
- A. Deaf man
- B. Cocaine-addicted teenage girl
- C. Handicapped child
- D. College graduate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Substance abusers are at high risk and part of the vulnerable population.
A school nurse is preparing to discuss food safety practices with high school students enrolled in a family and consumer science “foods” course. Which of the following information would be included in the presentation?
- A. Wash hands thoroughly with running warm water with soap for 30 seconds.
- B. Scrub firm surfaces of all fruits and vegetables with a produce brush before eating.
- C. Pay close attention to assure that meat is cooked all of the way through.
- D. Refrigerate leftovers within 30 minutes of serving.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The guideline is to wash hands thoroughly with running warm water and soap for 20-30 seconds.
An inborn set of physiological changes that offset those of the fight or flight response is known as:
- A. Self-efficacy
- B. Catecholamine surge
- C. Relaxation response
- D. Metabolism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Relaxation response is an inborn set of physiological changes that offset those of the fight-or-flight response.
Which of the following demonstrates a nurse taking action to promote health and prevent disease?
- A. Making a home visit to a person who is recovering from a heart attack
- B. Administering medications to a cardiac client in the hospital
- C. Providing cardiopulmonary resuscitation during a heart attack
- D. Educating a person about the advantages of a heart-healthy diet during a home visit
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Educating about a heart-healthy diet influences lifestyle choices and is primary prevention, which is the key to health promotion and disease prevention.