Nokea
A daughter tells the nurse that, "Mom will be as good as new when we get this advanced cancer cured." How can the nurse best help the daughter in the role of caregiver?
- A. Working toward setting realistic goals for both her mother and herself
- B. Finding the daughter in home help to assist with her mother's care
- C. Discuss with the patient the role her daughter will play in her care
- D. Encourage the daughter to regularly share her feelings with her mother
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because setting realistic goals is crucial for managing expectations and promoting effective caregiving. By helping the daughter understand the reality of the situation and setting achievable goals, the nurse can support both the mother's care and the daughter's emotional well-being. Option B does not address the daughter's emotional needs or the importance of realistic expectations. Option C focuses on the patient's perspective rather than the daughter's role as a caregiver. Option D, while beneficial for emotional expression, does not directly address the need for realistic goal-setting in caregiving.
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A group of nurses are assembling outside a hospital protesting the use of foreign nurses after several nurses were terminated due to what the hospital called recurring "decreased census." The nurses carry signs with messages asking potential patients to seek care elsewhere. The local newspaper picked up the story, and the hospital is receiving negative press. The nurses are participating in:
- A. picketing.
- B. collective bargaining.
- C. a strike.
- D. arbitration.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: picketing. Picketing involves protesting outside a workplace to draw attention to an issue, such as the use of foreign nurses in this case. The nurses are not actively refusing to work (strike), negotiating work conditions (collective bargaining), or submitting their dispute to a third party for resolution (arbitration). Picketing is the most appropriate term for their actions in this scenario.
A nurse is interested in practicing in a faith-based community; when researching the role of the parish nurse, the nurse finds that:
- A. certification is available at a basic level after a qualifying examination is completed and a set number of practice hours have been worked, as defined by the state's nurse practice act.
- B. this advanced practice role focuses on health promotion and disease prevention.
- C. this role has no set standards or scope of practice but instead follows the doctrine of the denomination being served.
- D. this role is recognized by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as a specialty with a defined set of practice guidelines.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the role of a parish nurse primarily focuses on health promotion and disease prevention within a faith-based community. Parish nurses typically work to integrate spiritual care with traditional healthcare services. This choice aligns with the core responsibilities of a parish nurse and accurately reflects the primary focus of their practice.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect. While certification may be available for parish nurses, the process and requirements are not solely defined by state regulations; it usually involves additional training in faith-based healthcare practices.
C: Incorrect. The role of a parish nurse is typically guided by professional standards and organizational protocols rather than being solely dictated by the doctrines of a specific denomination.
D: Incorrect. While the ANA may acknowledge the role of parish nursing, it does not have specific practice guidelines for this specialty.
A patient presents with chest pain that increases when lying flat and low-grade fever. Assessment reveals muffled heart sounds, tachycardia, and 3+ edema in the lower extremities. The nurse asks the patient to learn forward, which eases respiratory efforts. The nurse then places the stethoscope at which area on the chest to facilitate auscultation? The above question represents which type of alternate-format question written at which level of Bloom's taxonomy?
- A. Multiple-response item, comprehension level
- B. Hot-spot item, analysis level
- C. Chart/exhibit item, application level
- D. Drag-and-drop item, knowledge level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hot-spot item, analysis level. In this scenario, the patient's symptoms suggest pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade. To facilitate auscultation, the nurse should place the stethoscope at the point of maximal intensity of the heart sounds, which is typically at the apex of the heart or the lower left sternal border. This requires the nurse to analyze the patient's symptoms and apply knowledge of cardiac anatomy to determine the optimal auscultation site.
A: Multiple-response item, comprehension level - This choice involves selecting multiple correct answers from a list of options based on understanding the presented information. It doesn't require the critical thinking and analysis needed in this scenario.
C: Chart/exhibit item, application level - This choice involves interpreting information presented in a chart or exhibit to apply it to a specific situation. While it involves application, it doesn't require the same level of analysis as determining the best auscultation site.
D: Drag-and
Hospitals surveyed nurses who terminated their employment to determine why they chose to leave. One of the most common reasons for leaving was:
- A. decreased pay for alternative shifts.
- B. that the nurse/patient ratio prevents safe care.
- C. that most facilities are choosing an all-RN staff, which decreases opportunities for advancement.
- D. that agency and foreign nurses are favored by administration over full-time nursing staff.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: that the nurse/patient ratio prevents safe care. This answer is correct because inadequate nurse/patient ratios have been consistently identified as a major factor contributing to nurse dissatisfaction and burnout. When nurses are responsible for too many patients, they are unable to provide safe and effective care, leading to increased stress and job dissatisfaction.
Explanation of other choices:
A: Decreased pay for alternative shifts: While decreased pay may be a concern for some nurses, it is not typically cited as one of the most common reasons for leaving a position.
C: Most facilities are choosing an all-RN staff, which decreases opportunities for advancement: While this may be a concern for some nurses, it is not as universally impactful as unsafe nurse/patient ratios.
D: Agency and foreign nurses are favored by administration over full-time nursing staff: While favoritism may be an issue in some cases, it is not typically cited as one of the most common reasons for nurses leaving their employment.
A cultural phenomenon that is based on biologic variation would include:
- A. belief that exposure of a pregnant woman to an eclipse can result in cleft lip.
- B. denser bones in blacks result in less morbidity associated with osteoporosis.
- C. the grandmother who determines that her grandchild has scoliosis and should seek treatment, then informs the parents of her decision.
- D. a family that participates in feasts prepared to celebrate and make decisions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it describes a cultural belief that attributes a physical trait (cleft lip) to a specific biological event (exposure to an eclipse during pregnancy). This choice demonstrates a cultural phenomenon based on biologic variation.
Choice B is incorrect because it attributes denser bones in blacks to less morbidity from osteoporosis, which is a generalization and not necessarily a cultural phenomenon. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a family dynamic related to healthcare decision-making and not a cultural belief based on biologic variation. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a family tradition related to feasting and decision-making, which does not directly involve biologic variation.