Nokea
A diabetic client self-administers insulin four times daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the need for further education?
- A. I flush the used needles down the toilet.'
- B. I carry glucose tablets with me at all times.'
- C. I eat a little dessert occasionally.'
- D. I avoid wearing sandals.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Flushing needles down the toilet (A) is unsafe and improper disposal; needles should be placed in a sharps container. Carrying glucose tablets (B), occasional desserts (C), and avoiding sandals (D) are appropriate for diabetes management.
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Which of the following roommates would be most suitable for the client with myasthenia gravis?
- A. A client with hypothyroidism
- B. A client with Crohn's disease
- C. A client with pylonephritis
- D. A client with bronchitis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypothyroidism poses no infection risk, unlike pyelonephritis or bronchitis.
A client suspected of having Alzheimer's disease is evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination. At the beginning of the evaluation, the examiner names three objects. Later in the evaluation, he asks the client to name the same three objects. The examiner is testing the client's:
- A. Attention
- B. Orientation
- C. Recall
- D. Registration
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recalling three objects tests short-term memory (recall), a key component assessed in the Mini-Mental State Examination for Alzheimer's.
Vitamin K is administered to the newborn shortly after birth for which of the following reasons?
- A. To stop hemorrhage
- B. To treat infection
- C. To replace electrolytes
- D. To facilitate clotting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin K is given to newborns to facilitate clotting, preventing hemorrhagic disease due to low vitamin K levels.
The nurse knows that a 60-year-old female client's susceptibility to osteoporosis is most likely related to:
- A. Lack of exercise
- B. Hormonal disturbances
- C. Lack of calcium
- D. Genetic predisposition
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hormonal changes, particularly estrogen loss post-menopause, are the primary cause of osteoporosis in women.
The nurse is caring for a client with pneumonia who is allergic to penicillin. Which antibiotic is safest to administer to this client?
- A. Cefazolin (Ancef)
- B. Amoxicillin
- C. Erythrocin (Erythromycin)
- D. Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythromycin is a macrolide, safe for penicillin-allergic clients, unlike cefazolin, amoxicillin, or ceftriaxone, which are beta-lactams with cross-reactivity risks.