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A drug which does not produce any action by itself but decreases the slope of the log dose-response curve and suppresses the maximal response to another drug is a...
- A. Physiological antagonist
- B. Competitive antagonist
- C. Noncompetitive antagonist
- D. Partial agonist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Noncompetitive antagonists reduce maximal response (efficacy) without shifting potency, matching the description.
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What would be the best source of drug information for a nurse?
- A. Drug Facts and Comparisons
- B. A nurse's drug guide
- C. A drug package insert
- D. The Physicians Drug Reference (PDR)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nurse's drug guide provides nursing implications and patient teaching points that are most useful to nurses in addition to need-to-know drug information in a very user friendly organizational style. Lippincott's Nursing Drug Guide (LNDG) has drug monographs organized alphabetically and includes nursing implications and patient teaching points. Numerous other drug handbooks are also on the market and readily available for nurses to use. Although other drug reference books such as Drug Facts and Comparisons, PDR, and drug package inserts can all provide essential drug information, they will not contain nursing implications and teaching points and can be more difficult to use than nurse's drug guides.
The Centers for Disease Control recommends all newborn infants receive prophylactic administration of ____ within 1 hour of birth.
- A. Gentamicin ophthalmic ointment
- B. Ciprofloxacin ophthalmic drops
- C. Erythromycin oral suspension
- D. Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erythromycin ointment prevents neonatal conjunctivitis per CDC; oral isn't used.
A 35-year-old woman has Graves' disease, a small goiter, and symptoms that are deemed 'mild-to-moderate.' Propylthiouracil is prescribed. Which of the following is the most serious adverse response to this drug, for which close monitoring is required?
- A. Agranulocytosis
- B. Cholestatic jaundice
- C. Gout
- D. Renal tubular necrosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Agranulocytosis is a severe, potentially fatal side effect of propylthiouracil requiring close monitoring due to its impact on white blood cell production.
The mean weight of 500 college students is 70 kg and the standard deviation is 3 kg. Assuming that the weight is normally distributed, determine how many students weigh 64 kg or less.
- A. 5
- B. 11
- C. 15
- D. 20
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: P(X ≤ 64) equals P(X < 64) in a continuous distribution since P(X=64) = 0. From the previous calculation, P(Z < -2) ≈ 0.0228, so 0.0228 * 500 ≈ 11, consistent with the document.
As an antacid, sodium bicarbonate has the following disadvantages EXCEPT:
- A. It causes acid rebound
- B. In ulcer patients, it increases risk of perforation
- C. It has low acid neutralizing capacity
- D. It is contraindicated in CHF
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate has high acid-neutralizing capacity, but it causes acid rebound, risks perforation in ulcers due to gas production, and is contraindicated in CHF due to sodium load.