Nokea
A female child, age 6, is brought to the health clinic for a routine checkup. To assess the child's vision, the nurse should ask:
- A. "Do you have any problems seeing different colors?"
- B. "Do you have trouble seeing at night?"
- C. "Do you have problems with glare?"
- D. "How are you doing in school?"
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking the child if they have any problems seeing different colors is a suitable way to assess their vision during a routine checkup. Issues with colors can indicate potential color blindness or other vision problems. Asking about night vision (choice B) or glare (choice C) might be more relevant in specific situations or with older patients. Inquiring about their performance in school (choice D) could provide information related to vision but is not as direct and specific as asking about color vision.
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The BEST implication of a 6-month-old baby's visuomotor coordination is
- A. voluntary release of objects
- B. comparison ability of small objects
- C. increasing ability to explore objects
- D. autonomy of actions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Voluntary release is a key milestone in visuomotor coordination at this age.
In preparing a preschool-aged patient for an injection, the most appropriate nursing intervention is to:
- A. allow the patient to administer an injection to a doll.
- B. arrange for the patient to watch a peer receive an injection.
- C. have the parents explain the process to the patient.
- D. suggest diversionary activities like singing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allowing the child to practice on a doll can help reduce anxiety and prepare them for the procedure.
Which of the ff instructions should a nurse give a client with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who is being treated with radiation and chemotherapy?
- A. Increase fluid intake
- B. Intake low-fat meals
- C. Intake soft, bland foods
- D. Intake food rich in folic acid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who are undergoing radiation and chemotherapy need to increase their fluid intake to help flush out the toxic byproducts of the treatments from their body. Adequate hydration can also help prevent dehydration, maintain proper kidney function, and alleviate some side effects such as nausea and vomiting. It is important for the nurse to advise the client to drink plenty of water, clear fluids, and electrolyte-rich beverages to support their overall well-being during treatment.
A 7 year old boy came to OPD with history of difficulty in rising up from sitting position. Examination reveals hypertrophy of calf muscles with trendelenburg gait. The most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Becker's muscular dystrophy
- B. Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- C. Myotonic muscular dystrophy
- D. Cerebral palsy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Duchenne muscular dystrophy typically presents in early childhood with difficulty rising from a seated position (Gower's sign), calf muscle hypertrophy, and Trendelenburg gait.
A patient is admitted for a splenectomy. Why is an injection of Vit. K ordered before surgery?
- A. To correct clotting problems
- B. To prevent postoperative infection
- C. To promote healing
- D. To dry secretions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin K plays a crucial role in the production of clotting factors in the liver. Patients undergoing a splenectomy may be at an increased risk of bleeding during and after surgery due to the decreased availability of these clotting factors. Administering Vitamin K before the surgery helps to correct any potential clotting problems, ensuring proper hemostasis and reducing the risk of excessive bleeding during the procedure. This preoperative intervention can help optimize the patient's coagulation status and improve their outcomes postoperatively.