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A female client is receiving an anticoagulant to prevent the formation and extension of blood clots. What instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the client?
- A. Avoid caffeinated drinks.
- B. Take the drug on an empty stomach.
- C. Use a reliable contraceptive.
- D. Take the drug with a glass of milk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the female client to use a reliable contraceptive to prevent pregnancy, as anticoagulants can pose risks during pregnancy.
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A client is receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do?
- A. Perform a complete blood count.
- B. Perform baseline PT/INR.
- C. Perform APTT test 4 to 6 hours after injection.
- D. Perform blood coagulation tests every 4 hours.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should perform blood coagulation tests every 4 hours for the client receiving heparin by continuous IV infusion.
A nurse is conducting an in-service presentation about hemostasis. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies a thrombus as which of the following?
- A. Damage to a blood vessel
- B. Formation of a blood clot
- C. Cessation of bleeding
- D. Coagulation cascade
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A thrombus refers to the formation of a blood clot, sometimes from damage, in a vessel that impedes blood flow.
A nurse is reviewing a journal article about antiplatelet agents. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be discussed? Select all that apply.
- A. Heparin
- B. Warfarin
- C. Abciximab
- D. Anagrelide
- E. Dipyridamole
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Abciximab, anagrelide, and dipyridamole are antiplatelet agents. Heparin and warfarin are anticoagulants.
When describing anticoagulants to a client, which of the following would the nurse expect to include? Select all that apply.
- A. Anticoagulants prevent formation of a thrombus.
- B. Anticoagulants prevent extension of a thrombus.
- C. Anticoagulants dissolve existing thrombi.
- D. Anticoagulants thin the blood.
- E. Anticoagulants can reverse the damage caused by a thrombus.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Anticoagulants can prevent the formation and extension of a thrombus but have no direct effect on an existing thrombus and do not reverse any of the damage from that thrombus. Although clients often refer to anticoagulants as blood thinners, they do not actually thin the blood.
A client is being discharged from the hospital with a prescription for clopidogrel. The nurse would instruct the client about which of the following as a possible adverse reaction? Select all that apply.
- A. Skin rash
- B. Bleeding
- C. Heart palpitations
- D. Nausea
- E. Constipation
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: The most common adverse reactions associated with clopidogrel are skin rash, dizziness, bleeding, palpitations, and constipation.