Nokea
A female client who received partial-thickness and full-thickness burns over 40% of her body in a house fire is admitted to the inpatient burn unit. What fluid should the nurse prepare to administer during the acute phase of the client's burn recovery?
- A. Ringer's Lactate
- B. Normal Saline.
- C. Dextrose 5% in water (D5W)
- D. Hypertonic saline
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ringer's Lactate is the preferred fluid for burn resuscitation, as it helps maintain electrolyte balance and fluid volume.
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A child develops carditis from rheumatic fever. Which areas of the heart are affected by carditis?
- A. Coronary arteries
- B. Heart muscle and the mitral valve
- C. Aortic and pulmonic valves
- D. Contractility of the ventricles
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The tissues that cover the heart and heart valves are affected. The heart muscle may be involved and the mitral valve is frequently involved.
Recognised features in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome include:
- A. Mutation in fibrillin gene
- B. Short stature
- C. Keratoconus
- D. Easy scarring
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Easy scarring: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is characterized by hyperelastic skin and joint hypermobility, with easy scarring and tissue fragility being common features.
A 5-year-old child has an elevated blood pressure during a well child exam. The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner notes mottling and pallor of the child's feet and lower legs and auscultates a systolic ejection murmur in the left infraclavicular region radiating to the child's back. The nurse practitioner will suspect which condition?
- A. Aortic stenosis (AS)
- B. Coarctation of the aorta (COA)
- C. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
- D. Pulmonic stenosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta may not have symptoms until later childhood and may present as high blood pressure in the upper extremities and poor perfusion in the lower extremities.
The following antibodies are seen in the conditions mentioned:
- A. Anti-endomysial antibodies in coeliac disease
- B. Anti-insulin receptor antibodies in diabetes mellitus
- C. Anti-epidermal antibodies in vitiligo
- D. Anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies in spinal muscular atrophy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anti-endomysial antibodies are specifically associated with coeliac disease, making (a) the correct answer. The other options are incorrect as they describe antibodies associated with different conditions.
Mitochondrial DNA
- A. Has its own genome
- B. Is responsible for some forms of myopathies
- C. Can transmit diseases from parents to children
- D. Is present in neurons
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Is responsible for some forms of myopathies