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A female patient, who is in her late 30s, is describing her home life to the nurse. The nurse determines that the patient is a member of the sandwich generation based on which of the following?
- A. She has a young adult child at home and an elderly parent to care for at the same time.
- B. She has a young adult child who is married and currently living away from home.
- C. She has a young adult child away at college and without any living parents.
- D. She has no responsibilities associated with her young adult children or her parents.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The sandwich generation refers to adults, typically in their 30s or 40s, who are simultaneously caring for young adult children and aging parents, as described in option A. Options B, C, and D do not involve dual caregiving responsibilities.
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A nurse is participating in a neighborhood health fair and is screening participants for depression. Which individual would the nurse anticipate as being at increased risk for depression?
- A. A middle-aged man who is providing care for his disabled mother who has paraplegia
- B. A middle-aged man who is a single parent of a teenage boy who is still living at home
- C. A woman who is single and has no children of her own
- D. A young adult who is living at home with his parents and is unable to find work
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A young adult living at home, unable to find work, faces significant stressors (unemployment, lack of independence), increasing depression risk. Caregiving, single parenting, or being childless may pose risks, but unemployment in young adulthood is a stronger risk factor.
After teaching a group of students about protective factors for mental illness, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following?
- A. Unemployment
- B. Younger age
- C. Single status
- D. Social support
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Social support is a key protective factor against mental illness, buffering stress and enhancing resilience. Unemployment, younger age, and single status are risk factors, not protective.
A nurse is participating as a speaker in a public workshop on the topic of promoting mental health in young and middle-aged adults. The nurse tells the audience that age, unemployment, and lower education are risk factors associated with mental illness. A woman raises her hand and asks, 'Does that mean because I only have a 10th grade education and am unemployed that I will develop a mental illness?' Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. No, not necessarily; it just means that there is an increased chance that you might.
- B. Of course not; we live in a rural area, and these statistics are based on large cities.
- C. Yes, I am afraid so, but with early detection, we can prevent the illness from worsening.
- D. It probably does, but we have developed advanced medications to treat mental illness.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The response 'No, not necessarily; it just means that there is an increased chance that you might' accurately clarifies that risk factors increase likelihood, not certainty, of mental illness. Other options are misleading, overly definitive, or dismissive of the woman?s concern.
A nurse is assessing a middle-aged adult for possible biologic risk factor associated with mental illness. Which of the following would the nurse identify as placing this patient at increased risk? Select all that apply.
- A. Changes in skin tone and moisture leading to the development of wrinkles
- B. Enhanced respiratory efficiency leading to preference for less activity
- C. Loss of lens elasticity which can affect a person?s self-esteem
- D. Changes in brain structure leading to changes in cognition
- E. Decreased basal metabolic rate leading to weight gain and low activity
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Biologic risk factors for mental illness in middle-aged adults include loss of lens elasticity affecting self-esteem (C), changes in brain structure impacting cognition (D), and decreased metabolic rate leading to weight gain and low activity (E), all linked to depression or anxiety. Skin changes (A) are cosmetic, and enhanced respiratory efficiency (B) is inaccurate.
A nurse is providing teaching to a young adult about measures to promote mental health. Which statement by the patient would indicate a need for additional teaching?
- A. I will make sure that I eat foods that are nutritious.
- B. I need to allow some time for relaxation every day.
- C. I will make sure I have the support of two really good friends.
- D. I have to work to make sure that I get enough sleep every night.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Limiting social support to 'two really good friends' suggests a misunderstanding of the broader social connections needed for mental health, indicating a need for further teaching. Nutrition, relaxation, and sleep are all appropriate strategies.