Nokea
A gastrointestinal tumor involving villi and plicae circulares might interfere with:
- A. deglutition
- B. absorption
- C. peristalsis
- D. defecation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Villi and plicae circulares increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine. A tumor affecting these structures would impair absorption.
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An investigation is carried out on digestion and absorption in the alimentary canal. The diagram shows the apparatus used. The visking tubing is permeable to small molecules such as glucose but not to large molecules such as starch. beaker water starch solution and amylase visking tubing glass rod to support visking tubing After one hour, samples of water in the beaker are tested with Benedict's solution and with iodine solution. Which colours are obtained?
- A. blue with Benedict's, blue-black with iodine
- B. blue with Benedict's, yellow-brown with iodine
- C. red with Benedict's, blue-black with iodine
- D. red with Benedict's, yellow-brown with iodine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Starch is broken down to glucose, which passes through the visking tubing, giving a positive Benedict's test (red), while iodine remains negative as starch cannot pass through.
What are the advantages of chewing food at the start of digestion?
- A. increasing surface area
- B. lubricating food
- C. making food soluble
- D. all of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chewing increases the surface area for enzyme action, lubricates food with saliva, and helps dissolve food particles.
Which of the following statements are true about the Pancreatic juice?
- A. Pancreatic juice is acidic.
- B. Pancreatic juice is alkaline.
- C. Pancreatic juice is neutral.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pancreatic juice is alkaline due to its bicarbonate content, which neutralizes the acidic chyme entering the duodenum.
What happens during defecation?
- A. Food is chewed
- B. Nutrients are absorbed
- C. Chyme is formed
- D. Undigested waste is expelled
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Defecation is the final stage where undigested waste (feces) is eliminated via the anus.
The muscular tube that extends from the mouth to the anus is called:
- A. the gullet
- B. the intestine
- C. the colon
- D. the alimentary canal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The alimentary canal, also known as the digestive tract, is the continuous muscular tube extending from the mouth to the anus, encompassing all digestive organs.