Nokea
A gerontologic nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about integumentary changes that occur in older adults. How should these students best integrate these changes into care planning?
- A. By avoiding the use of moisturizing lotions on older adults skin
- B. By protecting older adults against shearing injuries
- C. By avoiding the use of ice packs to treat muscle pain
- D. By protecting older adults against excessive sweat accumulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aging causes thinning at the dermis-epidermis junction, increasing the risk of shearing injuries. Moisturizers are beneficial for dry skin, ice packs can be used with caution, and sweat accumulation is not a concern in older adults.
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A dermatologist has asked the nurse to assist with examination of a patients skin using a Woods light. This test will allow the physician to assess for which of the following?
- A. The presence of minute regions of keloid scarring
- B. Unusual patterns of pigmentation on the patients skin
- C. Vascular lesions that are not visible to the naked eye
- D. The presence of parasites on the epidermis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Woods light helps identify pigmentation patterns, distinguishing epidermal from dermal lesions. It does not detect keloids, vascular lesions, or parasites.
While assessing a 25 -year-old female, the nurse notes that the patient has hair on her lower abdomen. Earlier in the health interview, the patient stated that her menses are irregular. The nurse should suspect what type of health problem?
- A. A metabolic disorder
- B. A malignancy
- C. A hormonal imbalance
- D. An infectious process
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hair on the lower abdomen with irregular menses suggests a hormonal imbalance, possibly due to elevated testosterone. This is inconsistent with metabolic disorders, malignancy, or infections.
While waiting to see the physician, a patient shows the nurse skin areas that are flat, nonpalpable, and have had a change of color. The nurse recognizes that the patient is demonstrating what?
- A. Macules
- B. Papules
- C. Vesicles
- D. Pustules
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Macules are flat, nonpalpable skin color changes. Papules are elevated and solid, vesicles contain serous fluid, and pustules are pus-filled.
A young student is brought to the school nurse after falling off a swing. The nurse is documenting that the child has bruising on the lateral aspect of the right arm. What term will the nurse use to describe bruising on the skin in documentation?
- A. Telangiectasias
- B. Ecchymoses
- C. Purpura
- D. Urticaria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ecchymoses are bruises, characterized by larger areas of blood extravasation under the skin. Telangiectasias are dilated superficial blood vessels, purpura are pinpoint hemorrhages, and urticaria are wheals or hives.
A patient is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and the physician orders Coumadin (warfarin). For what skin lesion should the nurse monitor this patient?
- A. Ulcer
- B. Ecchymosis
- C. Scar
- D. Erosion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ecchymosis, or bruising, is a risk with anticoagulants like warfarin due to blood extravasation. Ulcers, scars, and erosions are not directly associated with anticoagulant use.