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A graduate nursing student requests information, including laboratory findings and chest X-ray results, about all clients with symptoms of H1N1 who have been seen during the last month in a community health clinic. What action should the charge nurse take?
- A. Obtain written authorization from clients to release the information.
- B. Verify if permission has been obtained from the research committee.
- C. Ask the student to sign a standard waiver form.
- D. Provide the information for research purposes only.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A graduate nursing student requesting information, including laboratory findings and chest X-ray results, about all clients with symptoms of H1N1 who have been seen during the last month in a community health clinic is asking for sensitive patient information. This information is protected under privacy laws and regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States. Therefore, the charge nurse should obtain written authorization from clients to release the information.
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Despite numerous instructions, an elderly patient with Parkinson's disease is unable to administer ophthalmic medication without assistance due to hand tremors. What is the best course of action for the nurse?
- A. Continue to reinforce the instructions to boost the patient's self-confidence.
- B. Determine if a family member is available and willing to administer the medication.
- C. Obtain a prescription for a visiting nurse to administer the medication twice a day.
- D. Document the patient's inability to administer the medication without assistance.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: If a family member is available and willing to administer the medication, this could be an effective solution. The family member can be trained to administer the medication correctly, ensuring the patient receives their necessary treatment.
A 5-year-old patient has been brought in for a routine check-up and vaccination update. The mother reports that the child has been having difficulty focusing in school and has shown a decreased appetite in recent weeks. What actions should the nurse take?
- A. Review the child's medical history for any allergies or sensitivities.
- B. Examine the child's torso and arms for any signs of physical trauma.
- C. Advise the parents to initiate treatment with permethrin.
- D. Recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the child's symptoms of difficulty focusing in school and decreased appetite, it would be appropriate to recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child. These symptoms could be indicative of various conditions, including emotional distress, sleep disorders, or other health issues.
While conducting a head lice screening for third-grade students, the school nurse notices a brownish thickening on the neck of one child. What should be the nurse's response to this observation?
- A. Review the child's medical records for a list of allergies or sensitivities.
- B. Inspect the child's torso and arms for other signs of physical injury.
- C. Advise the parents to start treatment with permethrin.
- D. Recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the observation of a brownish thickening on the neck of the child, it would be appropriate to recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child. This symptom could be indicative of various conditions, which would require further investigation.
A client comes to the clinic for an annual physical exam. When asked about their influenza vaccine status, the client responds, “I never get the vaccine because I don't get the flu.â€. Which aspect of the Health Belief Model is the client demonstrating?
- A. Perceived barriers.
- B. Perceived susceptibility.
- C. Perceived severity.
- D. Perceived benefits.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's decision not to get the flu vaccine because they don't get the flu demonstrates perceived barriers, one aspect of the Health Belief Model. The client may perceive that the potential discomfort or inconvenience of getting the vaccine outweighs the benefits.
A nurse has developed a six-month program to address the increased incidence of hospital-acquired infections among clients in a long-term care facility. The program includes three mandatory classes on proper handwashing techniques and increases the availability of hand cleansers in the facility. Which measure provides the best indication of the program's effectiveness?
- A. Survey employees to determine how often hand cleansers are used during client care.
- B. Compare the incidence of infections before and after the program's implementation.
- C. Observe a random sample of employees washing their hands three weeks after the program starts.
- D. Use an experimental design to compare program participants with a control group.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Comparing the incidence of infections before and after the program's implementation is the most direct and reliable measure of the program's effectiveness. A significant reduction in the rate of hospital-acquired infections after the implementation of the program would indicate that the program is effective.