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The number of students seeking information about teenage pregnancy has risen by 259%. Two years ago, a nurse evaluated the health needs of high school students and identified student pregnancy as a significant issue. As a result, the nurse created a pregnancy prevention program for the entire school district. Which outcome is the strongest evidence of the program's success?
- A. 80% of the students participate in a voluntary sex education seminar.
- B. Students report an average delay of 2 years for their first sexual encounter.
- C. 75% of the parents express support for a pregnancy prevention program in the schools.
- D. The school district reports a decrease in the number of teenage pregnancies.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A decrease in the number of teenage pregnancies in the school district is the strongest evidence of the program's success. This outcome directly aligns with the goal of a pregnancy prevention program, which is to reduce the number of teenage pregnancies.
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Given the limited supply, the local health department is required to prioritize the distribution of influenza vaccines. Who should the public health nurse advise to return to the clinic when more vaccines are available?
- A. A 65-year-old aide working in a nursing home.
- B. An 8-year-old girl with poorly-controlled asthma.
- C. A 60-year-old client with diabetes and agoraphobia (fear of crowds).
- D. An 80-year-old resident in an Alzheimer's unit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 60-year-old client with diabetes is at increased risk for complications from influenza. However, their agoraphobia (fear of crowds) might make them less likely to be exposed to the virus compared to the other individuals. Therefore, they could be advised to return to the clinic when more vaccines are available.
A 2-month-old infant contracts a disease through vertical transmission. Which situation should the nurse investigate further to ascertain how the infant might have been exposed to the disease?
- A. The infant received a scheduled immunization.
- B. The father fed the infant spoiled baby food.
- C. The mother is breastfeeding the infant.
- D. The infant was bitten by an infected mosquito.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breastfeeding is a common method of vertical transmission. Certain infections in the mother can be passed to the infant through breast milk. Therefore, if a 2-month-old infant contracts a disease that could be transmitted vertically, it would be important to investigate if the mother could be the source of the infection.
The epidemiological triad can be utilized to devise strategies for preventing farm machinery injuries. What action should the nurse take to concentrate on the agent?
- A. Convert written vehicle instructions into a pictorial format.
- B. Educate farm workers not to smoke around farm equipment.
- C. Offer rehabilitation services to injured farm workers.
- D. Collaborate with lawmakers to mandate safe tractor design.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Collaborating with lawmakers to mandate safe tractor design can have a significant impact on reducing farm machinery injuries. By addressing the issue at the design level, many injuries can be prevented.
A 5-year-old patient has been brought in for a routine check-up and vaccination update. The mother reports that the child has been having difficulty focusing in school and has shown a decreased appetite in recent weeks. What actions should the nurse take?
- A. Review the child's medical history for any allergies or sensitivities.
- B. Examine the child's torso and arms for any signs of physical trauma.
- C. Advise the parents to initiate treatment with permethrin.
- D. Recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the child's symptoms of difficulty focusing in school and decreased appetite, it would be appropriate to recommend the parents to seek further medical evaluation for the child. These symptoms could be indicative of various conditions, including emotional distress, sleep disorders, or other health issues.
In the context of the “Healthy People 2030†objectives, the nurse identifies a significant issue in the community related to the prevention of dental caries in children. Where would be the most effective location to start a prevention program?
- A. The local shopping mall.
- B. Hospital emergency departments.
- C. Women, Infants, and Children office.
- D. Community youth center.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) office is an effective location for a prevention program. WIC offices serve a population that includes pregnant women, infants, and young children, who are at high risk for dental caries. These offices provide a supportive environment for education and preventive services.