Nokea
A group of military nurses are reviewing the care of victims of biochemical terrorist attacks. The nurses should identify what agents as having the shortest latency?
- A. Viral agents
- B. Nerve agents
- C. Pulmonary agents
- D. Blood agents
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nerve agents produce symptoms within seconds, having the shortest latency. Viral, pulmonary, and blood agents have longer latency periods.
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The nurse is preparing to admit patients who have been the victim of a blast injury. The nurse should expect to treat a large number of patients who have experienced what type of symptom?
- A. Chemical burns
- B. Spinal cord injury
- C. Meningeal tears
- D. Tympanic membrane rupture
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Blast injuries commonly cause tympanic membrane rupture due to pressure wave sensitivity. Other injuries are less frequent.
A nurse is participating in the planning of a hospitals emergency operations plan. The nurse is aware of the potential for ethical dilemmas during a disaster or other emergency. Ethical dilemmas in these contexts are best addressed by which of the following actions?
- A. Having an ethical framework in place prior to an emergency
- B. Allowing staff to provide care anonymously during an emergency
- C. Assuring staff that they are not legally accountable for care provided during an emergency
- D. Teaching staff that principles of ethics do not apply in an emergency situation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pre-established ethical frameworks guide decision-making in disasters, ensuring consistent ethical care. Anonymity, non-accountability, or dismissing ethics are inappropriate.
A nurse is caring for patients exposed to a terrorist attack involving chemicals. The nurse has been advised that personal protective equipment must be worn in order to give the highest level of respiratory protection with a lesser level of skin and eye protection. What level protection is this considered?
- A. Level A
- B. Level B
- C. Level C
- D. Level D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Level B PPE provides maximal respiratory protection but less skin and eye coverage, suitable for chemical exposures where inhalation is the primary risk.
A nurse takes a shift report and finds he is caring for a patient who has been exposed to anthrax by inhalation. What precautions does the nurse know must be put in place when providing care for this patient?
- A. Standard precautions
- B. Airborne precautions
- C. Droplet precautions
- D. Contact precautions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anthrax is not transmissible person-to-person, so standard precautions suffice. Additional precautions like airborne or contact are unnecessary.
The ED staff has been notified of the imminent arrival of a patient who has been exposed to chlorine. The nurse should anticipate the need to address what nursing diagnosis?
- A. Impaired gas exchange
- B. Decreased cardiac output
- C. Chronic pain
- D. Excess fluid volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chlorine, a pulmonary agent, disrupts alveolar-capillary oxygen transport, causing impaired gas exchange. Other diagnoses are secondary or unlikely.