Nokea
A 44-year-old male patient has been exposed to severe amount of radiation after a leak in a reactor plant. When planning this patients care, the nurse should implement what action?
- A. The patient should be scrubbed with alcohol and iodine.
- B. The patient should be carefully protected from infection.
- C. The patients immunization status should be promptly assessed.
- D. The patients body hair should be removed to prevent secondary contamination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiation damages the hematopoietic system, increasing infection risk, so infection prevention is critical. Alcohol/iodine, hair removal, or immunization checks are not relevant.
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The ED staff has been notified of the imminent arrival of a patient who has been exposed to chlorine. The nurse should anticipate the need to address what nursing diagnosis?
- A. Impaired gas exchange
- B. Decreased cardiac output
- C. Chronic pain
- D. Excess fluid volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chlorine, a pulmonary agent, disrupts alveolar-capillary oxygen transport, causing impaired gas exchange. Other diagnoses are secondary or unlikely.
Emergency department (ED) staff members have been trained to follow steps that will decrease the risk of secondary exposure to a chemical. When conducting decontamination, staff members should remove the patients clothing and then perform what action?
- A. Rinse the patient with water.
- B. Wash the patient with a dilute bleach solution.
- C. Wash the patient chlorhexidine.
- D. Rinse the patient with hydrogen peroxide.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decontamination starts with clothing removal followed by water rinsing to remove chemical agents safely. Bleach, chlorhexidine, or peroxide are not standard.
The announcement is made that the facility may return to normal functioning after a local disaster. In the emergency operations plan, what is this referred to as?
- A. Demobilization response
- B. Post-incident response
- C. Crisis diffusion
- D. Reversion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Demobilization response marks the transition back to normal operations after a disaster, signaling resource reallocation.
A patient has been witness to a disaster involving a large number of injuries. The patient appears upset, but states that he feels capable of dealing with his emotions. What is the nurses most appropriate intervention?
- A. Educate the patient about the potential harm in denying his emotions.
- B. Refer the patient to social work or spiritual care.
- C. Encourage the patient to take a leave of absence from his job to facilitate emotional healing.
- D. Encourage the patient to return to normal social roles when appropriate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Supporting the patient's self-assessed coping ability and encouraging a return to normal roles fosters resilience. Premature referrals or assumptions of denial are not justified.
The nurse has been notified that the ED is expecting terrorist attack victims and that level D personal protective equipment is appropriate. What does level D PPE include?
- A. A chemical-resistant coverall with splash hood, chemical-resistant gloves, and boots
- B. A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and a fully encapsulating, vapor-tight coverall with chemical-resistant gloves and boots
- C. The SCBA and a chemical-resistant suit, but the suit is not vapor-tight
- D. The nurses typical work uniform
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Level D PPE is equivalent to a standard work uniform, used when minimal protection is needed, indicating low hazard exposure.