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A patient suffering from blast lung has been admitted to the hospital and is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an air embolus. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Place the patient in the Trendelenberg position.
- B. Assess the patients and airway and begin chest compression.
- C. Position the patient in the prone, left lateral position.
- D. Encourage the patient to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prone left lateral positioning prevents air embolus migration in blast lung, requiring urgent hyperbaric treatment. Other actions exacerbate the condition.
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The nurse is coordinating the care of victims who arrive at the ED after a radiation leak at a nearby nuclear plant. What would be the first intervention initiated when victims arrive at the hospital?
- A. Administer prophylactic antibiotics.
- B. Survey the victims using a radiation survey meter.
- C. Irrigate victims open wounds.
- D. Perform soap and water decontamination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Initial radiation survey with a meter identifies contamination levels, guiding subsequent decontamination efforts. Other interventions follow this step.
A nurse is giving an educational class to members of the local disaster team. What should the nurse instruct members of the disaster team to do in a chemical bioterrorist attack?
- A. Cover their eyes.
- B. Put on a personal protective equipment mask.
- C. Stand up.
- D. Crawl to an exit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most chemical agents are heavier than air, so standing up minimizes exposure. Covering eyes, masking, or crawling increases exposure risk.
After a radiation exposure, a patient has been assessed and determined to be a possible survivor. Following the resolution of the patients initial symptoms, the care team should anticipate what event?
- A. A return to full health
- B. Internal bleeding
- C. A latent phase
- D. Massive tissue necrosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A latent phase follows initial radiation symptoms in possible survivors, preceding potential recovery or worsening. Full health or severe outcomes are less likely.
The announcement is made that the facility may return to normal functioning after a local disaster. In the emergency operations plan, what is this referred to as?
- A. Demobilization response
- B. Post-incident response
- C. Crisis diffusion
- D. Reversion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Demobilization response marks the transition back to normal operations after a disaster, signaling resource reallocation.
The emergency response team is dealing with a radiation leak at the hospital. What action should be performed to prevent the spread of the contaminants?
- A. Floors must be scrubbed with undiluted bleach.
- B. Waste must be promptly incinerated.
- C. The ventilation system should be deactivated.
- D. Air ducts and vents should be sealed.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sealing air ducts and vents prevents radiation spread through ventilation. Bleach, incineration, or ventilation deactivation are less effective.