Nokea
The ED staff has been notified of the imminent arrival of a patient who has been exposed to chlorine. The nurse should anticipate the need to address what nursing diagnosis?
- A. Impaired gas exchange
- B. Decreased cardiac output
- C. Chronic pain
- D. Excess fluid volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chlorine, a pulmonary agent, disrupts alveolar-capillary oxygen transport, causing impaired gas exchange. Other diagnoses are secondary or unlikely.
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A nurse is participating in the planning of a hospitals emergency operations plan. The nurse is aware of the potential for ethical dilemmas during a disaster or other emergency. Ethical dilemmas in these contexts are best addressed by which of the following actions?
- A. Having an ethical framework in place prior to an emergency
- B. Allowing staff to provide care anonymously during an emergency
- C. Assuring staff that they are not legally accountable for care provided during an emergency
- D. Teaching staff that principles of ethics do not apply in an emergency situation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pre-established ethical frameworks guide decision-making in disasters, ensuring consistent ethical care. Anonymity, non-accountability, or dismissing ethics are inappropriate.
A group of military nurses are reviewing the care of victims of biochemical terrorist attacks. The nurses should identify what agents as having the shortest latency?
- A. Viral agents
- B. Nerve agents
- C. Pulmonary agents
- D. Blood agents
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nerve agents produce symptoms within seconds, having the shortest latency. Viral, pulmonary, and blood agents have longer latency periods.
After a radiation exposure, a patient has been assessed and determined to be a possible survivor. Following the resolution of the patients initial symptoms, the care team should anticipate what event?
- A. A return to full health
- B. Internal bleeding
- C. A latent phase
- D. Massive tissue necrosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A latent phase follows initial radiation symptoms in possible survivors, preceding potential recovery or worsening. Full health or severe outcomes are less likely.
A hospitals emergency operations plan has been enacted following an industrial accident. While one nurse performs the initial triage, what should other emergency medical services personnel do?
- A. Perform life-saving measures.
- B. Classify patients according to acuity.
- C. Provide health promotion education.
- D. Modify the emergency operations plan.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: EMS personnel focus on life-saving interventions and transport post-triage, prioritizing immediate care over classification, education, or plan modification.
A nurse is giving an educational class to members of the local disaster team. What should the nurse instruct members of the disaster team to do in a chemical bioterrorist attack?
- A. Cover their eyes.
- B. Put on a personal protective equipment mask.
- C. Stand up.
- D. Crawl to an exit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most chemical agents are heavier than air, so standing up minimizes exposure. Covering eyes, masking, or crawling increases exposure risk.