Nokea
A group of medical nurses are being certified in their response to potential bioterrorism. The nurses learn that if a patient is exposed to the smallpox virus he or she becomes contagious at what time?
- A. 6 to 12 hours after exposure
- B. When pustules form
- C. After a rash appears
- D. When the patient becomes febrile
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Smallpox patients become contagious when a rash appears, typically on the face and forearms, not immediately or only with pustules or fever.
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While developing an emergency operations plan (EOP), the committee is discussing the components of the EOP. During the post-incident response of an emergency operations plan, what activity will take place?
- A. Deciding when the facility will go from disaster response to daily activities
- B. Conducting practice drills for the community and facility
- C. Conducting a critique and debriefing for all involved in the incident
- D. Replacing the resources in the facility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-incident response involves debriefing and critiquing to evaluate the response and improve future preparedness. Other activities occur in different phases.
A workplace explosion has left a 40-year-old man burned over 65% of his body. His burns are second- and third-degree burns, but he is conscious. How would this person be triaged?
- A. Green
- B. Yellow
- C. Red
- D. Black
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Extensive burns over 65% of the body indicate a low survival likelihood, warranting a black triage tag to prioritize resources for those with better prognosis.
A nurse who is participating of a member of the local emergency response team is learning or studying about a blast injuries. The nurse should understand that in the tertiary phase of the blast injury what phase event occurs?
- A. Victims preexisting medical conditions are exacerbated.
- B. Victims are thrown by the pressure wave.
- C. Victims experience burns from the blast.
- D. Victims suffer injuries caused by debris or shrapnel from the blast.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The tertiary phase involves victims being thrown by the blast's pressure wave, causing traumatic injuries. Other events are not specific to this phase.
An industrial site has experienced a radiation leak and workers who have been potentially affected are en route to the hospital. To minimize the risks of contaminating the hospital, managers should perform what action?
- A. Place all potential victims on reverse isolation.
- B. Establish a triage outside the hospital.
- C. Have hospital staff put on personal protective equipment.
- D. Place hospital staff on abbreviated shifts of no more than 4 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: External triage prevents hospital contamination by assessing and decontaminating victims outside. Other measures are less effective for this purpose.
A nurse is participating in the planning of a hospitals emergency operations plan. The nurse is aware of the potential for ethical dilemmas during a disaster or other emergency. Ethical dilemmas in these contexts are best addressed by which of the following actions?
- A. Having an ethical framework in place prior to an emergency
- B. Allowing staff to provide care anonymously during an emergency
- C. Assuring staff that they are not legally accountable for care provided during an emergency
- D. Teaching staff that principles of ethics do not apply in an emergency situation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pre-established ethical frameworks guide decision-making in disasters, ensuring consistent ethical care. Anonymity, non-accountability, or dismissing ethics are inappropriate.