Nokea
The nurse has been notified that the ED is expecting terrorist attack victims and that level D personal protective equipment is appropriate. What does level D PPE include?
- A. A chemical-resistant coverall with splash hood, chemical-resistant gloves, and boots
- B. A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and a fully encapsulating, vapor-tight coverall with chemical-resistant gloves and boots
- C. The SCBA and a chemical-resistant suit, but the suit is not vapor-tight
- D. The nurses typical work uniform
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Level D PPE is equivalent to a standard work uniform, used when minimal protection is needed, indicating low hazard exposure.
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A patient has been exposed to a nerve agent in a biochemical terrorist attack. This type of agent bonds with acetylcholinesterase, so that acetylcholine is not inactivated. What is the pathologic effect of this type of agent?
- A. Hyperstimulation of the nerve endings
- B. Temporary deactivation of the nerve endings
- C. Binding of the nerve endings
- D. Destruction of the nerve endings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nerve agents cause continuous nerve hyperstimulation by preventing acetylcholine breakdown. Deactivation, binding, or destruction do not occur.
A patient suffering from blast lung has been admitted to the hospital and is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an air embolus. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Place the patient in the Trendelenberg position.
- B. Assess the patients and airway and begin chest compression.
- C. Position the patient in the prone, left lateral position.
- D. Encourage the patient to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prone left lateral positioning prevents air embolus migration in blast lung, requiring urgent hyperbaric treatment. Other actions exacerbate the condition.
After a radiation exposure, a patient has been assessed and determined to be a possible survivor. Following the resolution of the patients initial symptoms, the care team should anticipate what event?
- A. A return to full health
- B. Internal bleeding
- C. A latent phase
- D. Massive tissue necrosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A latent phase follows initial radiation symptoms in possible survivors, preceding potential recovery or worsening. Full health or severe outcomes are less likely.
The nurse is coordinating the care of victims who arrive at the ED after a radiation leak at a nearby nuclear plant. What would be the first intervention initiated when victims arrive at the hospital?
- A. Administer prophylactic antibiotics.
- B. Survey the victims using a radiation survey meter.
- C. Irrigate victims open wounds.
- D. Perform soap and water decontamination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Initial radiation survey with a meter identifies contamination levels, guiding subsequent decontamination efforts. Other interventions follow this step.
A nurse has been called for duty during a response to a natural disaster. In this context of care, the nurse should expect to do which of the following?
- A. Practice outside of her normal area of clinical expertise.
- B. Perform interventions that are not based on assessment data.
- C. Prioritize psychosocial needs over physiologic needs.
- D. Prioritize the interests of older adults over younger patients.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Disaster response may require nurses to work beyond their usual expertise due to resource constraints. Interventions remain data-driven, and needs are not age-based.