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There has been a radiation-based terrorist attack and a patient is experiencing vomiting, diarrhea, and shock after the attack. How will the patients likelihood of survival be characterized?
- A. Probable
- B. Possible
- C. Improbable
- D. Extended
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, and shock indicate high radiation exposure (>800 rads), making survival improbable due to severe systemic damage.
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The emergency response team is dealing with a radiation leak at the hospital. What action should be performed to prevent the spread of the contaminants?
- A. Floors must be scrubbed with undiluted bleach.
- B. Waste must be promptly incinerated.
- C. The ventilation system should be deactivated.
- D. Air ducts and vents should be sealed.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sealing air ducts and vents prevents radiation spread through ventilation. Bleach, incineration, or ventilation deactivation are less effective.
A major earthquake has occurred within the vicinity of the local hospital. The nursing supervisor working the night shift at the hospital receives information that the hospital disaster plan will be activated. The supervisor will need to work with what organization responsible for coordinating interagency relief assistance?
- A. Office of Emergency Management
- B. Incident Command System
- C. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
- D. American Red Cross
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Office of Emergency Management coordinates state and local disaster relief efforts, ensuring effective interagency collaboration.
While developing an emergency operations plan (EOP), the committee is discussing the components of the EOP. During the post-incident response of an emergency operations plan, what activity will take place?
- A. Deciding when the facility will go from disaster response to daily activities
- B. Conducting practice drills for the community and facility
- C. Conducting a critique and debriefing for all involved in the incident
- D. Replacing the resources in the facility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-incident response involves debriefing and critiquing to evaluate the response and improve future preparedness. Other activities occur in different phases.
A workplace explosion has left a 40-year-old man burned over 65% of his body. His burns are second- and third-degree burns, but he is conscious. How would this person be triaged?
- A. Green
- B. Yellow
- C. Red
- D. Black
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Extensive burns over 65% of the body indicate a low survival likelihood, warranting a black triage tag to prioritize resources for those with better prognosis.
The ED staff has been notified of the imminent arrival of a patient who has been exposed to chlorine. The nurse should anticipate the need to address what nursing diagnosis?
- A. Impaired gas exchange
- B. Decreased cardiac output
- C. Chronic pain
- D. Excess fluid volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chlorine, a pulmonary agent, disrupts alveolar-capillary oxygen transport, causing impaired gas exchange. Other diagnoses are secondary or unlikely.