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Emergency department (ED) staff members have been trained to follow steps that will decrease the risk of secondary exposure to a chemical. When conducting decontamination, staff members should remove the patients clothing and then perform what action?
- A. Rinse the patient with water.
- B. Wash the patient with a dilute bleach solution.
- C. Wash the patient chlorhexidine.
- D. Rinse the patient with hydrogen peroxide.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decontamination starts with clothing removal followed by water rinsing to remove chemical agents safely. Bleach, chlorhexidine, or peroxide are not standard.
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A patient was exposed to a dose of more than 5,000 rads of radiation during a terrorist attack. The patients skin will eventually show what manifestation?
- A. Erythema
- B. Ecchymosis
- C. Desquamation
- D. Necrosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High radiation doses (>5,000 rads) cause skin necrosis within days to months. Lower doses cause erythema or desquamation, and ecchymosis is unrelated.
A patient is admitted to the ED who has been exposed to a nerve agent. The nurse should anticipate the STAT administration of what drug?
- A. Amyl nitrate
- B. Dimercaprol
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Atropine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atropine counteracts nerve agent effects by blocking acetylcholine, alleviating hyperstimulation symptoms. Other drugs are for different agents or ineffective.
The announcement is made that the facility may return to normal functioning after a local disaster. In the emergency operations plan, what is this referred to as?
- A. Demobilization response
- B. Post-incident response
- C. Crisis diffusion
- D. Reversion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Demobilization response marks the transition back to normal operations after a disaster, signaling resource reallocation.
A man survived a workplace accident that claimed the lives of many of his colleagues several months ago. The man has recently sought care for the treatment of depression. How should the nurse best understand the mans current mental health problem?
- A. The man is experiencing a common response following a disaster.
- B. The man fails to appreciate the fact that he survived the disaster.
- C. The man most likely feels guilty about his actions during the disaster.
- D. The mans depression most likely predated the disaster.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Depression is a frequent post-disaster response due to trauma. Assumptions about guilt, lack of appreciation, or pre-existing depression are not supported.
A nurse is undergoing debriefing with the critical incident stress management team after participating in the response to a disaster. During this process, the nurse will do which of the following?
- A. Evaluate the care that he or she provided during the disaster.
- B. Discuss own emotional responses to the disaster.
- C. Explore the ethics of the care provided during the disaster.
- D. Provide suggestions for improving the emergency operations plan.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CISM debriefing focuses on processing emotional reactions and stress symptoms, not evaluating care, ethics, or operational plans.