Nokea
The emergency response team is dealing with a radiation leak at the hospital. What action should be performed to prevent the spread of the contaminants?
- A. Floors must be scrubbed with undiluted bleach.
- B. Waste must be promptly incinerated.
- C. The ventilation system should be deactivated.
- D. Air ducts and vents should be sealed.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sealing air ducts and vents prevents radiation spread through ventilation. Bleach, incineration, or ventilation deactivation are less effective.
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A nurse is giving an educational class to members of the local disaster team. What should the nurse instruct members of the disaster team to do in a chemical bioterrorist attack?
- A. Cover their eyes.
- B. Put on a personal protective equipment mask.
- C. Stand up.
- D. Crawl to an exit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most chemical agents are heavier than air, so standing up minimizes exposure. Covering eyes, masking, or crawling increases exposure risk.
A nurse is participating in the planning of a hospitals emergency operations plan. The nurse is aware of the potential for ethical dilemmas during a disaster or other emergency. Ethical dilemmas in these contexts are best addressed by which of the following actions?
- A. Having an ethical framework in place prior to an emergency
- B. Allowing staff to provide care anonymously during an emergency
- C. Assuring staff that they are not legally accountable for care provided during an emergency
- D. Teaching staff that principles of ethics do not apply in an emergency situation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pre-established ethical frameworks guide decision-making in disasters, ensuring consistent ethical care. Anonymity, non-accountability, or dismissing ethics are inappropriate.
A 44-year-old male patient has been exposed to severe amount of radiation after a leak in a reactor plant. When planning this patients care, the nurse should implement what action?
- A. The patient should be scrubbed with alcohol and iodine.
- B. The patient should be carefully protected from infection.
- C. The patients immunization status should be promptly assessed.
- D. The patients body hair should be removed to prevent secondary contamination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiation damages the hematopoietic system, increasing infection risk, so infection prevention is critical. Alcohol/iodine, hair removal, or immunization checks are not relevant.
A patient has been exposed to a nerve agent in a biochemical terrorist attack. This type of agent bonds with acetylcholinesterase, so that acetylcholine is not inactivated. What is the pathologic effect of this type of agent?
- A. Hyperstimulation of the nerve endings
- B. Temporary deactivation of the nerve endings
- C. Binding of the nerve endings
- D. Destruction of the nerve endings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nerve agents cause continuous nerve hyperstimulation by preventing acetylcholine breakdown. Deactivation, binding, or destruction do not occur.
A workplace explosion has left a 40-year-old man burned over 65% of his body. His burns are second- and third-degree burns, but he is conscious. How would this person be triaged?
- A. Green
- B. Yellow
- C. Red
- D. Black
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Extensive burns over 65% of the body indicate a low survival likelihood, warranting a black triage tag to prioritize resources for those with better prognosis.