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A hospitals emergency operations plan has been enacted following an industrial accident. While one nurse performs the initial triage, what should other emergency medical services personnel do?
- A. Perform life-saving measures.
- B. Classify patients according to acuity.
- C. Provide health promotion education.
- D. Modify the emergency operations plan.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: EMS personnel focus on life-saving interventions and transport post-triage, prioritizing immediate care over classification, education, or plan modification.
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The ED staff has been notified of the imminent arrival of a patient who has been exposed to chlorine. The nurse should anticipate the need to address what nursing diagnosis?
- A. Impaired gas exchange
- B. Decreased cardiac output
- C. Chronic pain
- D. Excess fluid volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chlorine, a pulmonary agent, disrupts alveolar-capillary oxygen transport, causing impaired gas exchange. Other diagnoses are secondary or unlikely.
A nurse has been called for duty during a response to a natural disaster. In this context of care, the nurse should expect to do which of the following?
- A. Practice outside of her normal area of clinical expertise.
- B. Perform interventions that are not based on assessment data.
- C. Prioritize psychosocial needs over physiologic needs.
- D. Prioritize the interests of older adults over younger patients.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Disaster response may require nurses to work beyond their usual expertise due to resource constraints. Interventions remain data-driven, and needs are not age-based.
A nurse who is participating of a member of the local emergency response team is learning or studying about a blast injuries. The nurse should understand that in the tertiary phase of the blast injury what phase event occurs?
- A. Victims preexisting medical conditions are exacerbated.
- B. Victims are thrown by the pressure wave.
- C. Victims experience burns from the blast.
- D. Victims suffer injuries caused by debris or shrapnel from the blast.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The tertiary phase involves victims being thrown by the blast's pressure wave, causing traumatic injuries. Other events are not specific to this phase.
The nursing supervisor at the local hospital is advised that your hospital will be receiving multiple trauma victims from a blast that occurred at a local manufacturing plant. The paramedics call in a victim of the blast with injuries including a head injury and hemorrhage. What phase of blast injury should the nurse expect to treat in this patient?
- A. Primary phase
- B. Secondary phase
- C. Tertiary phase
- D. Quaternary phase
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Head injuries and hemorrhage are characteristic of the primary blast phase, caused by the pressure wave. Other phases involve different mechanisms.
A man survived a workplace accident that claimed the lives of many of his colleagues several months ago. The man has recently sought care for the treatment of depression. How should the nurse best understand the mans current mental health problem?
- A. The man is experiencing a common response following a disaster.
- B. The man fails to appreciate the fact that he survived the disaster.
- C. The man most likely feels guilty about his actions during the disaster.
- D. The mans depression most likely predated the disaster.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Depression is a frequent post-disaster response due to trauma. Assumptions about guilt, lack of appreciation, or pre-existing depression are not supported.