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A patient has been witness to a disaster involving a large number of injuries. The patient appears upset, but states that he feels capable of dealing with his emotions. What is the nurses most appropriate intervention?
- A. Educate the patient about the potential harm in denying his emotions.
- B. Refer the patient to social work or spiritual care.
- C. Encourage the patient to take a leave of absence from his job to facilitate emotional healing.
- D. Encourage the patient to return to normal social roles when appropriate.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Supporting the patient's self-assessed coping ability and encouraging a return to normal roles fosters resilience. Premature referrals or assumptions of denial are not justified.
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A patient is admitted to the ED who has been exposed to a nerve agent. The nurse should anticipate the STAT administration of what drug?
- A. Amyl nitrate
- B. Dimercaprol
- C. Erythromycin
- D. Atropine
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atropine counteracts nerve agent effects by blocking acetylcholine, alleviating hyperstimulation symptoms. Other drugs are for different agents or ineffective.
A patient suffering from blast lung has been admitted to the hospital and is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an air embolus. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Place the patient in the Trendelenberg position.
- B. Assess the patients and airway and begin chest compression.
- C. Position the patient in the prone, left lateral position.
- D. Encourage the patient to perform deep breathing and coughing exercises.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prone left lateral positioning prevents air embolus migration in blast lung, requiring urgent hyperbaric treatment. Other actions exacerbate the condition.
Level C personal protective equipment has been deemed necessary in the response to an unknown substance. The nurse is aware that the equipment will include what?
- A. A self-contained breathing apparatus
- B. A vapor-tight, chemical-resistant suit
- C. A uniform only
- D. An air-purified respirator
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Level C PPE includes an air-purified respirator, chemical-resistant coverall, gloves, and boots, balancing respiratory and skin protection for less hazardous substances.
A group of military nurses are reviewing the care of victims of biochemical terrorist attacks. The nurses should identify what agents as having the shortest latency?
- A. Viral agents
- B. Nerve agents
- C. Pulmonary agents
- D. Blood agents
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nerve agents produce symptoms within seconds, having the shortest latency. Viral, pulmonary, and blood agents have longer latency periods.
The nurse manager in the ED receives information that a local chemical plant has had a chemical leak. This disaster is assigned a status of level II. What does this classification indicate?
- A. First responders can manage the situation.
- B. Regional efforts and aid from surrounding communities can manage the situation.
- C. Statewide or federal assistance is required.
- D. The area must be evacuated immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Level II disasters require regional support as local resources are overwhelmed, but state or federal aid is not typically needed. Evacuation is not inherently indicated by this level.