Nokea
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about clotrimazole vaginal preparations. The students demonstrate understanding of the drug when they identify which of the following as a trade name for the drug?
- A. Lotrimin
- B. Monistat
- C. Vagistat-1
- D. Terazol
- E. Mycelex
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Lotrimin and Mycelex are trade names for clotrimazole vaginal preparations. Monistat is the trade name for miconazole. Vagistat-1 is the trade name for tioconazole. Terazol is the trade name for terconazole.
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A patient is prescribed metronidazole for intestinal amebiasis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the patient regarding the drug?
- A. Take the drug on an empty stomach.
- B. Avoid intake of alcohol.
- C. Guard against effects of photosensitivity.
- D. Take phenobarbital for impaired sleep.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the patient to avoid the use of alcohol, in any form, until the course of treatment is completed. The ingestion of alcohol may cause a mild to severe reaction, with symptoms of severe vomiting, headache, nausea, abdominal cramps, flushing, and sweating. Metronidazole should be taken with food or meals, not on an empty stomach. Photosensitivity is not one of the side effects of metronidazole. Phenobarbital should be avoided, as it increases the metabolism of metronidazole.
A nurse is administering an IV infusion of amphotericin B. The nurse would be alert for which of the following adverse reactions during the first 30 to 60 minutes of the infusion?
- A. Muscle pain
- B. Hypotension
- C. Nausea
- D. Decreased renal function
- E. Chills
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: When the nurse administers amphotericin B by IV infusion, immediate adverse reactions can occur within 15 to 20 minutes of beginning the infusion, including nausea, vomiting, hypotension, tachypnea, fever, and chills; therefore, it is important for the nurse to carefully monitor the client's temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure during the first 30 to 60 minutes of treatment.
Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client about the use of an antifungal cream preparation for the treatment of ringworm in the ambulatory care setting?
- A. Clean involved area before applying cream.
- B. Increase the amount of cream used if skin infection worsens.
- C. Decrease the frequency of applying cream if skin infection improves.
- D. Keep towels and washcloths for bathing separate from other family members during treatment.
- E. Keep the affected area clean and moist.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: When instructing a client about the use of an antifungal cream preparation for the treatment of ringworm in the ambulatory care setting, the nurse should include the following: cleaning the involved area and applying the cream to the skin as directed by the physician, not increasing or decreasing the amount used or number of times the cream should be applied unless directed to do so by the physician, keeping the affected area clean and dry, and keeping towels and washcloths for bathing separate from those of other family members to avoid the spread of infection.
A patient is receiving chloroquine. The nurse would instruct the client to do which of the following?
- A. Avoid foods that acidify the urine.
- B. Take the drug on an empty stomach.
- C. Increase dosage if dosage missed once.
- D. Discontinue drug if color of urine changes.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should educate the patient to avoid foods that acidify the urine (cranberries, plums, prunes, meats, cheeses, eggs, fish, and grains), as they may interact with the antimalarial drug and increase excretion and thereby decrease the effectiveness of chloroquine while taking the drug. Taking the drug on an empty stomach is not advisable for antimalarial drugs. The nurse should instruct the patient to adhere to the dosage regimen unless instructed otherwise. Yellow or brownish discoloration of the urine during chloroquine treatment is normal; there is no need to discontinue the therapy.
The nurse must monitor a client carefully for signs of bleeding when which of the following antifungals is concomitantly administered with warfarin (Coumadin)?
- A. Fluconazole (Diflucan)
- B. Itraconazole (Sporanox)
- C. Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
- D. Griseofulvin (Grisactin)
- E. Voriconazole (Vfend)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: The concomitant administration of fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, griseofulvin, and voriconazole with warfarin increases the client's risk of bleeding.